Table 1 Overview of studies included in the meta-analysis
From: Flipped classroom improves student learning in health professions education: a meta-analysis
Study | Country of origin | Subject matter | Sample | Study design | Duration of intervention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bakr et al. (2016) [31] | Australia | Dental anatomy | 1st year dental students | Historical control | 13 weeks |
Bossaer et al. (2016) [32] | USA | Pharmacy | 3rd year pharmacy students | Historical control | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Cheng et al. (2016) [33] | China | Histology | 1st year medicine students | Quasi-experiment | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Cotta et al. (2016) [13] | USA | Pharmaceutical calculations | 1st year pharmacy students | Historical control | 10 weeks |
Galway et al. (2014) [34] | Canada | Environmental and occupational health | 1st or 2nd year graduate public health students | Historical control | 13 week |
Gillispie (2016) [35] | USA | Obstetrics and gynecology | 3rd/4th year medical students | Historical control | 8 weeksa |
Giuliano and Moser (2016) [36] | USA | Drug literature | 1st year pharmacy students | Historical control | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Harrington et al. (2015) [37] | USA | Nursing | Baccalaureate students | Randomized | 4 months |
Hsu et al. (2016) [38] | Taiwan | General medicine | Postgraduate year medical students | Historical control | 12 months |
Ilic et al. (2015) [9] | Australia | Evidence-based medicine | 3rd year medical students | Randomized | 10 two-hour teaching sessions |
Kiviniemi (2014) [39] | USA | Public health | Graduate students | Historical control | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Koo et al. (2016) [40] | USA | Pharmacotherapy | 2nd year doctor of pharmacy students | Historical control | 8 sessions |
Liebert et al. (2016) [41] | USA | Surgery | 3rd year medical student | Historical control | 8 weeks |
Lin et al. (2017) [14] | China | Ophthalmology | Medical undergraduates | Randomized | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
McLaughlin et al. (2013) [42] | USA | Pharmaceutics | 1st year pharmacy students | Historical control | 13 weeks |
McLaughlin et al. (2014) [43] | USA | Pharmaceutics | 1st year professional students | Historical control | 13 weeks |
Morton and Colbert-Getz (2016) [44] | USA | Anatomy | 1st year medical students | Historical control | 17 weeks |
Munson and Pierce (2015) [45] | USA | Pharmacogenomics | Mixture of students with bachelor degree and students without first degree | Historical control | 15 weeks |
O’Connor et al. (2016) [15] | USA | Radiology | 3rd or 4th year medical students | Quasi-experiment | 2 weeks |
Pierce and Fox (2012) [6] | USA | Pharmacotherapy | Pharmacy students | Historical control | 8 weeks |
Porcaro et al. (2016) [46] | Australia | Hematology | Mixture of undergraduate and postgraduate students in medical science | Historical control | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Prescott et al. (2016) [47] | USA | Patient assessment | 1st year pharmacy students | Historical control | 2 semesters (actual duration not specified) |
Rui et al. (2017) [48] | China | Medical diagnostics | Junior-year medical students | Randomized | 3 weeks |
Sajid et al. (2016) [49] | Saudi Arabia | Hematology | 3rd year medical students | Historical control | 5 lectures |
Street et al. (2015) [17] | USA | Physiology | 1st year medical students | Quasi-experiment | 6 weeks |
Tune et al. (2013) [50] | USA | Physiology | 1st year graduate medical students | Quasi-experiment | 1 semester (actual duration not specified) |
Whillier and Lystad (2015) [51] | Australia | Neuroanatomy | 2nd year undergraduate chiropractic students | Historical control | 5 weeks |
Wong et al. (2014) [52] | USA | Pharmacy | 1st year pharmacy students | Historical control | 1 week |