Table 3 Students’ longitudinal self-assessment of their readiness to evaluate the biomedical literature: clinical trials in PHA421/PHA570, and pharmacoeconomic (PE) trials in PHA557: (percentages for answering either ‘agree’ or ‘strongly agree’)
From: Mapping of the biomedical literature evaluation competencies based on pharmacy students’ feedback
PHA421 (n = 68) N (%) | PHA557 (n = 72) | PHA570 (n = 38) | p-value (across courses) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Prior to the BEGINNING of this course: | ||||
I already knew how to differentiate among different types of clinical/PEa study designs. | 5 (8 %) | 8 (11 %) | 25 (67 %) | <0.001 |
I already knew how to evaluate clinical/PE trials | 6 (9 %) | 5 (7 %) | 16 (42 %) | <0.001 |
By the END of this course: | ||||
I know how to determine the external validity of a PE/clinical trial | 44 (65 %) | 61 (85 %) | 34 (89 %) | 0.003 |
My perception on critically evaluating a PE/clinical trial significantly improved | 49 (72 %) | 69 (96 %) | 35 (92 %) | <0.001 |
p-value (value within the same course, from beginning to end of each course) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |