Table 1 Strengths of the current PBL curriculum

Cultivate motivation

Autonomy and agency

Interest and intrinsic motivation

Develop abilities

Cognitive abilities

Information searching and screening ability

Higher order thinking ability

Foreign language ability

Ability of mastering learning materials

Clinical professional ability

Comprehensive learning capacities

Self-expression and presentation ability

Problem discovery and solving ability

Collaboration and cooperation ability

Flexibility and adaptation to contexts

Independent thinking ability

Self-correction ability

Time management ability

Exploration and investigation ability

Creativity and innovation ability

Communication ability

Advance knowledge

Expand the scope of knowledge

Support learning of basic medical knowledge

Update knowledge to the latest

Foster memory of existing knowledge

Linking new information to the prior knowledge

Build learning environment

Create positive learning atmosphere

Encouragement