| First Year |  | Fifth Year |  | Physicians |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total (n = 464) | Male (n = 176) | Female (n = 288) |  | Total (n = 339) | Male (n = 113) | Female (n = 226) |  | Total (n = 341) | Male (n = 165) | Female (n = 176) |  | cohorts | gender | marital status | cohorts* gender | |||||||||||||
 | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | p | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | p | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | p | p | eta2 | p | eta2 | p | eta2 | p | eta2 |
subjective significance of work | 16.29 | 4.76 | 15.78 | 5.21 | 16.60 | 4.45 | 0.053 | 14.33 | 4.40 | 14.37 | 4.88 | 14.31 | 4.15 | 0.808 | 13.19 | 4.59 | 13.17 | 4.68 | 13.20 | 4.52 | 0.856 | 0.000 | 0.045 | 0.325 | 0.001 | 0.071 | 0.003 | 0.350 | 0.002 |
career ambition | 21.64 | 4.15 | 22.28 | 4.10 | 21.25 | 4.14 | 0.008 | 19.43 | 4.84 | 20.90 | 5.49 | 18.69 | 4.30 | 0.000 | 18.01 | 4.85 | 19.35 | 4.85 | 16.76 | 4.52 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.090 | 0.000 | 0.042 | 0.369 | 0.001 | 0.041 | 0.006 |
tendency to exert | 18.28 | 3.95 | 18.35 | 4.04 | 18.23 | 3.90 | 0.675 | 17.00 | 4.49 | 17.84 | 4.77 | 16.58 | 4.30 | 0.012 | 18.84 | 5.19 | 19.20 | 4.96 | 18.51 | 5.39 | 0.191 | 0.000 | 0.018 | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.777 | 0.000 | 0.228 | 0.003 |
striving for perfection | 21.23 | 4.30 | 21.52 | 4.51 | 21.06 | 4.17 | 0.250 | 19.31 | 4.41 | 19.40 | 4.54 | 19.27 | 4.36 | 0.688 | 20.71 | 4.29 | 20.72 | 4.10 | 20.71 | 4.48 | 0.971 | 0.000 | 0.032 | 0.414 | 0.001 | 0.218 | 0.001 | 0.742 | 0.001 |
emotional distancing | 17.18 | 3.88 | 17.69 | 3.85 | 16.88 | 3.88 | 0.029 | 19.88 | 3.88 | 19.31 | 3.96 | 20.17 | 3.82 | 0.040 | 18.89 | 5.10 | 18.89 | 5.13 | 18.89 | 5.08 | 0.888 | 0.000 | 0.047 | 0.959 | 0.000 | 0.841 | 0.000 | 0.032 | 0.006 |
resignation tendencies | 16.98 | 4.19 | 15.89 | 3.93 | 17.65 | 4.22 | 0.000 | 16.31 | 4.61 | 15.27 | 4.63 | 16.82 | 4.52 | 0.005 | 16.57 | 4.79 | 15.76 | 4.63 | 17.33 | 4.83 | 0.003 | 0.088 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.029 | 0.317 | 0.001 | 0.935 | 0.000 |
offensive coping with problems | 20.97 | 3.54 | 21.54 | 3.59 | 20.62 | 3.48 | 0.003 | 21.09 | 3.99 | 21.73 | 4.18 | 20.77 | 3.86 | 0.034 | 20.71 | 3.69 | 21.13 | 3.35 | 20.31 | 3.96 | 0.054 | 0.080 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.014 | 0.105 | 0.002 | 0.970 | 0.000 |
balance and mental stability | 19.17 | 4.31 | 20.29 | 4.14 | 18.48 | 4.26 | 0.000 | 19.23 | 4.54 | 20.19 | 4.96 | 18.75 | 4.24 | 0.008 | 19.98 | 4.89 | 20.44 | 5.19 | 19.56 | 4.57 | 0.153 | 0.168 | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.021 | 0.705 | 0.000 | 0.362 | 0.002 |
satisfaction with work | 24.03 | 3.74 | 23.56 | 3.74 | 24.33 | 3.72 | 0.048 | 24.09 | 3.95 | 23.97 | 4.51 | 24.15 | 3.65 | 0.772 | 22.54 | 4.12 | 22.61 | 4.13 | 22.48 | 4.12 | 0.947 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.300 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.267 | 0.002 |
satisfaction with life | 22.74 | 3.90 | 22.46 | 4.08 | 22.91 | 3.79 | 0.355 | 22.13 | 4.48 | 22.11 | 4.69 | 22.15 | 4.38 | 0.977 | 21.76 | 4.66 | 21.22 | 4.39 | 22.26 | 4.86 | 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.027 | 0.086 | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.031 | 0.334 | 0.002 |
experience of social support | 24.78 | 4.29 | 24.48 | 4.19 | 24.97 | 4.35 | 0.235 | 24.00 | 4.35 | 23.11 | 4.57 | 24.44 | 4.18 | 0.011 | 22.74 | 4.73 | 22.21 | 4.66 | 23.23 | 4.76 | 0.011 | 0.000 | 0.047 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.014 | 0.419 | 0.002 |