Table 1 Data of the answers to the questionnaire on students' attitudes and opinions towards face-to-face lectures and e-learning before the beginning and after the completion of the theoretical radiological science course.
Question No. | Questionnaires filled in before the beginning of the course | Questionnaires filled in after completion of the course | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Traditional group | Technology-enhanced learning group | p | Traditional group | Technology-enhanced learning group | p | ||||||||
| Â | n | Mean value | SD | n | Mean value | SD | Â | n | Mean value | SD | n | Mean value | SD | Â |
1 | 21 | 4.6 | 1.8 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.3 | .937 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.8 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.7 | .206 |
2 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.6 | 21 | 3.2 | 1.9 | .196 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.8 | .241 |
3 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.6 | .240 | 21 | 4.6 | 1.5 | 21 | 4.8 | 1.5 | .537 |
4 | 21 | 4.6 | 1.5 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.4 | .639 | 21 | 5.1 | 1.1 | 21 | 4.8 | 1.5 | .679 |
5 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.4 | 21 | 4.0 | 1.4 | .846 | 21 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 21 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 918 |
6 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.8 | 1.2 | .979 | 21 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.3 | 1.8 | .858 |
7 | 21 | 5.7 | .6 | 21 | 5.7 | .9 | .738 | 21 | 5.9 | .3 | 21 | 5.7 | .9 | .607 |
8 | 21 | 4.9 | .7 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.1 | .577 | 21 | 5.0 | .9 | 21 | 5.2 | .9 | .391 |
9 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.5 | 21 | 3.4 | 1.6 | .349 | 21 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.4 | 1.4 | .606 |
10 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.3 | .372 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 1 |
11 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.5 | .367 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.5 | 21 | 4.0 | 1.2 | .380 |
12 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.4 | .196 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 21 | 4.0 | 1.7 | .128 |
13 | 21 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.1 | .507 | 21 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.1 | .532 |
14 | 21 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.7 | 1.3 | .643 | 21 | 3.8 | 1.3 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.0 | .896 |
15 | 21 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 21 | 3.0 | 1.0 | .516 | 21 | 3.1 | 1.3 | 21 | 3.1 | 1.4 | .918 |
16 | 21 | 4.2 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.8 | 1.6 | .337 | 21 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.7 | 1.9 | .980 |
17 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.2 | 21 | 4.1 | 1.6 | .607 | 21 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.8 | 2.0 | .635 |
18 | 21 | 5.2 | .9 | 21 | 5.4 | 1.2 | .354 | 21 | 5.6 | .7 | 21 | 5.5 | 1.0 | .817 |
19 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.2 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.1 | .805 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.1 | 21 | 3.7 | 1.7 | .135 |
20 | 21 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 21 | 2.9 | 1.2 | .837 | 21 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 21 | 3.4 | 1.6 | .858 |
21 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.0 | 21 | 3.6 | 1.4 | .058 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.3 | 1.7 | .020 |
22 | 21 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 21 | 2.9 | 1.3 | .969 | 21 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 21 | 3.0 | 1.8 | .570 |
23 | 21 | 5.2 | 1.0 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.1 | .453 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.6 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.5 | .402 |
24 | 21 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.5 | .264 | 21 | 4.6 | 1.3 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.7 | .181 |
25 | 21 | 5.1 | 1.3 | 21 | 4.8 | 1.3 | .248 | 21 | 5.3 | .8 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.6 | .074 |
26 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 21 | 4.2 | 1.6 | .125 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.3 | 21 | 4.1 | 1.5 | .678 |
27 | 21 | 4.9 | 1.1 | 21 | 4.7 | 1.3 | .664 | 21 | 4.8 | .9 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.5 | .373 |
28 | 21 | 3.5 | 1.1 | 21 | 3.3 | 1.3 | .517 | 21 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.0 | 1.2 | .650 |
29 | 21 | 4.4 | 1.3 | 21 | 3.9 | 1.6 | .214 | 21 | 4.5 | 1.5 | 21 | 5.0 | 1.1 | .060 |
30 | 21 | 5.1 | .8 | 21 | 4.8 | 1.1 | .382 | 21 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 21 | 4.3 | 1.7 | .558 |