Articles

Motivation and academic performance of medical students from ethnic minorities and majority: a comparative study

Medical students from ethnic minorities underperform in knowledge and skills assessments both in pre-clinical and clinical education compared to the ethnic majority group. Motivation, which influences learning...

Authors: Ulviye Isik, Anouk Wouters, Marieke M. ter Wee, Gerda Croiset and Rashmi A. Kusurkar

Instruments evaluating the self-directed learning abilities among nursing students and nurses: a systematic review of psychometric properties

Modern healthcare institutions are continuously changing, and Self-Directed Learning (SDL) abilities are considered a prerequisite for both nursing students and nurses in order to be proactive about these dema...

Authors: Lucia Cadorin, Valentina Bressan and Alvisa Palese

Physical examination in undergraduate medical education in the field of general practice – a scoping review

Physical examination (PE) is an essential clinical skill and a central part of a physician’s daily activity. Teaching of PE has been integrated into medical school by many clinical disciplines with respective ...

Authors: Dirk Moßhammer, Joachim Graf, Stefanie Joos and Rebekka Hertkorn

Valued experiences of graduate students in their role as educators in undergraduate training in Ugandan medical schools

In most medical schools, graduate students, sometimes referred to as graduate teaching assistants, often participate in the training of undergraduate students. In developing countries like Uganda, are typicall...

Authors: Godfrey Zari Rukundo, Jannat Kasozi, Aluonzi Burani, Wycliff Byona, Claude Kirimuhuzya and Sarah Kiguli

A systematic review and meta-analysis of online versus alternative methods for training licensed health care professionals to deliver clinical interventions

Online training is growing in popularity and yet its effectiveness for training licensed health professionals (HCPs) in clinical interventions is not clear. We aimed to systematically review the literature on ...

Authors: Helen Richmond, Bethan Copsey, Amanda M. Hall, David Davies and Sarah E. Lamb

“We have been forced to move away from home”: print news coverage of Canadians studying abroad at Caribbean offshore medical schools

Canadian international medical graduates are Canadian-citizens who have graduated from a medical school outside of Canada or the United States. A growing number of Canadians enroll in medical school abroad, in...

Authors: Jeffrey Morgan, Valorie A. Crooks and Jeremy Snyder

A national stakeholder consensus study of challenges and priorities for clinical learning environments in postgraduate medical education

High quality clinical learning environments (CLE) are critical to postgraduate medical education (PGME). The understaffed and overcrowded environments in which many residents work present a significant challen...

Authors: Caroline Kilty, Anel Wiese, Colm Bergin, Patrick Flood, Na Fu, Mary Horgan, Agnes Higgins, Bridget Maher, Grainne O’Kane, Lucia Prihodova, Dubhfeasa Slattery, Slavi Stoyanov and Deirdre Bennett

Implementation of an interprofessional team-based learning program involving seven undergraduate health and social care programs from two universities, and students’ evaluation of their readiness for interprofessional learning

Interprofessional learning is gaining momentum in revolutionizing healthcare education. During the academic year 2015/16, seven undergraduate-entry health and social care programs from two universities in Hong...

Authors: Lap Ki Chan, Fraide Ganotice Jr, Frances Kam Yuet Wong, Chak Sing Lau, Susan M. Bridges, Celia Hoi Yan Chan, Namkiu Chan, Phoebe Wing Lam Chan, Hai Yong Chen, Julie Yun Chen, Jody Kwok Pui Chu, Charlene C. Ho, Jacqueline Mei Chi Ho, Tai Pong Lam, Veronica Suk Fun Lam, Qingyun Li…

Computer model for the cardiovascular system: development of an e-learning tool for teaching of medical students

This study combined themes in cardiovascular modelling, clinical cardiology and e-learning to create an on-line environment that would assist undergraduate medical students in understanding key physiological a...

Authors: David Roy Warriner, Martin Bayley, Yubing Shi, Patricia Victoria Lawford, Andrew Narracott and John Fenner

Fellowship training: a qualitative study of scope and purpose across one department of medicine

Fellowship training follows certification in a primary specialty or subspecialty and focusses on distinct and advanced clinical and/or academic skills. This phase of medical education is growing in prevalence,...

Authors: Jolanta Karpinski, Rola Ajjawi and Katherine Moreau

Assessment of motivational interviewing: a qualitative study of response process validity, content validity and feasibility of the motivational interviewing target scheme (MITS) in general practice

The Motivational Interviewing target Scheme (MITS) is an instrument to assess competency in Motivational Interviewing (MI) and can be used to assess MI in long and brief consultations. In this qualitative stud...

Authors: Riëtta Oberink, Saskia M. Boom, Nynke van Dijk and Mechteld R. M. Visser

Does faculty development influence the quality of in-training evaluation reports in pharmacy?

In-training evaluation reports (ITERs) of student workplace-based learning are completed by clinical supervisors across various health disciplines. However, outside of medicine, the quality of submitted workpl...

Authors: Kerry Wilbur

Medical student attitudes and educational interventions to prevent neurophobia: a longitudinal study

With an aging American population, the burden of neurologic disease is intensifying and the decline in neurology residents and practicing neurologists is leaving these patients helpless and unable to find care...

Authors: Lisa Shiels, Pratish Majmundar, Aleksander Zywot, John Sobotka, Christine S. M. Lau and Tuula O. Jalonen

A cross-sectional examination of psychological distress, positive mental health and their predictors in medical students in their clinical clerkships

Medical students can experience the transition from theory to clinical clerkships as stressful. Scientific literature on the mental health of clinical clerkship students is scarce and mental health is usually ...

Authors: Inge van Dijk, Peter L. B. J. Lucassen, Chris van Weel and Anne E. M. Speckens

Italian version of Nursing Students’ Perception of Instructor Caring (I-NSPIC): assessment of reliability and validity

Clinical experience is an essential component of nursing education since it provides students with the opportunity to construct and develop clinical competencies. Instructor caring is a pivotal facilitator at ...

Authors: C. Arrigoni, M. Puci, A. M. Grugnetti, L. Collivasone, E. Fenizia, P. Borrelli, E. Vellone, R. Alvaro, M. Piredda and M. G. De Marinis

Using root metaphors to analyze communication between nurses and patients: a qualitative study

Metaphors in communication can serve to convey individuals’ backgrounds, contexts, experiences, and worldviews. Metaphors used in a health care setting can help achieve consensual communication in professional...

Authors: Isabel Álvarez, Laia Selva, José Luis Medina and Salvador Sáez

Burnout in medical students: a systematic review of experiences in Chinese medical schools

To identify the: extent to which medical students in China experience burnout; factors contributing to this; potential solutions to reduce and prevent burnout in this group; and the extent to which the experie...

Authors: Wang Michael Chunming, Reema Harrison, Raina MacIntyre, Joanna Travaglia and Chinthaka Balasooriya

Global health education in United States anesthesiology residency programs: a survey of resident opportunities and program director attitudes

Interest in global health during postgraduate residency training is increasing across medical specialties, and multiple disciplines have categorized global health training opportunities in their arena. No such...

Authors: Gunisha Kaur, Sheida Tabaie, Jasmit Brar, Virginia Tangel and Kane O. Pryor

Am I getting an accurate picture: a tool to assess clinical handover in remote settings?

Good clinical handover is critical to safe medical care. Little research has investigated handover in rural settings. In a remote setting where nurses and medical students give telephone handover to an aeromed...

Authors: Malcolm Moore, Chris Roberts, Jonathan Newbury and Jim Crossley

Expectations and perceptions of primary healthcare professionals regarding their own continuous education in Catalonia (Spain): a qualitative study

The planning and execution of continuous education in an organization that provides health services is a complex process. The objectives, learning sequences, and implementation strategies should all be oriente...

Authors: Xavier Mundet-Tuduri, Ramon Crespo, Ma. Luisa Fernandez-Coll, Montserrat Saumell, Flor Millan-Mata, Àngels Cardona and Núria Codern-Bové

Incorporating patient partner scores into high stakes assessment: an observational study into opinions and attitudes

Volunteer patients (also known as patient partners (PPs)) play a vital role in undergraduate healthcare curricula. They frequently take part in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) and rate aspect...

Authors: Fiona C. Thomson, Rhoda K. MacKenzie, Marie Anderson, Alan R. Denison and Graeme P. Currie

Contextual factors and clinical reasoning: differences in diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning in board certified versus resident physicians

The impact of context on the complex process of clinical reasoning is not well understood. Using situated cognition as the theoretical framework and videos to provide the same contextual “stimulus” to all part...

Authors: Elexis McBee, Temple Ratcliffe, Katherine Picho, Lambert Schuwirth, Anthony R. Artino Jr., Ana Monica Yepes-Rios, Jennifer Masel, Cees van der Vleuten and Steven J. Durning

The development of the PARENTS: a tool for parents to assess residents’ non-technical skills in pediatric emergency departments

Parents can assess residents’ non-technical skills (NTS) in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). There are no assessment tools, with validity evidence, for parental use in pediatric EDs. The purpose of this ...

Authors: Katherine A. Moreau, Kaylee Eady, Kenneth Tang, Mona Jabbour, Jason R. Frank, Meaghan Campbell and Stanley J. Hamstra

First and second year medical students identify and self-stereotype more as doctors than as students: a questionnaire study

The emergence of medical students’ professional identity is important. This paper considers this in a snapshot of the early years of undergraduate medical education. From the perspective of social identity the...

Authors: Bryan Burford and Harriet E. S. Rosenthal-Stott

Explaining variance in self-directed learning readiness of first year students in health professional programs

Self-directed learning (SDL) is expected of health science graduates; it is thus a learning outcome in many pre-certification programs. Previous research identified age, gender, discipline and prior education ...

Authors: Craig E. Slater, Anne Cusick and Jimmy C. Y. Louie

What do Japanese residents learn from treating dying patients? The implications for training in end-of-life care

How medical residents’ experiences with care for dying patients affect their emotional well-being, their learning outcomes, and the formation of their professional identities is not fully understood. We examin...

Authors: Kazuko Arai, Takuya Saiki, Rintaro Imafuku, Chihiro Kawakami, Kazuhiko Fujisaki and Yasuyuki Suzuki

The role of controllable lifestyle in the choice of specialisation among Hungarian medical doctors

Hungary has been serious facing human resources crisis in health care, as a result of a massive emigration of health workers. The resulting shortage is unevenly distributed among medical specialisations. The f...

Authors: Edmond Girasek, Miklós Szócska, Eszter Kovács and Péter Gaál

Is perfect good? – Dimensions of perfectionism in newly admitted medical students

Society expects physicians to perform perfectly but high levels of perfectionism are associated with symptoms of distress in medical students. This study investigated whether medical students admitted to medic...

Authors: Helen Seeliger and Sigrid Harendza

Application of latent class analysis in assessing the competency of physicians in China

The physicians’ competency is an important public health issue around the world. Several international organizations have taken the lead in examining the competencies required to be a physician. The purpose of...

Authors: Zhuang Liu, Yue Zhang, Lei Tian, Baozhi Sun, Qing Chang and Yuhong Zhao

More than visual literacy: art and the enhancement of tolerance for ambiguity and empathy

Comfort with ambiguity, mostly associated with the acceptance of multiple meanings, is a core characteristic of successful clinicians. Yet past studies indicate that medical students and junior physicians feel...

Authors: Miriam Ethel Bentwich and Peter Gilbey

Perceptions of the 2011 ACGME duty hour requirements among residents in all core programs at a large academic medical center

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) implemented revisions to resident duty hour requirements (DHRs) in 2011 to improve patient safety and resident well-being. Perceptions of DHRs h...

Authors: Benjamin J. Sandefur, Diana M. Shewmaker, Christine M. Lohse, Steven H. Rose and James E. Colletti

Using social media to support small group learning

Medical curricula are increasingly using small group learning and less didactic lecture-based teaching. This creates new challenges and opportunities in how students are best supported with information technol...

Authors: Duncan Cole, Emma Rengasamy, Shafqat Batchelor, Charles Pope, Stephen Riley and Anne Marie Cunningham

Electronic portfolio use in pediatric residency and perceived efficacy as a tool for teaching lifelong learning

Residency programs use electronic portfolios (efolios) to organize data, track resident performance, and sometimes teach and assess lifelong learning (LLL) skills. Published studies on efolios in graduate medi...

Authors: Annabel Frank and Kimberly Gifford

Correction to: Flipping for success: evaluating the effectiveness of a novel teaching approach in a graduate level setting

Following publication of the original article [1], author 2 pointed out that his name has since changed from Adiba Islam to Adiba Ashrafi.

Authors: John Moraros, Adiba Ashrafi, Stan Yu, Ryan Banow and Barbara Schindelka

Comparison of formula and number-right scoring in undergraduate medical training: a Rasch model analysis

Progress testing is an assessment tool used to periodically assess all students at the end-of-curriculum level. Because students cannot know everything, it is important that they recognize their lack of knowle...

Authors: Dario Cecilio-Fernandes, Harro Medema, Carlos Fernando Collares, Lambert Schuwirth, Janke Cohen-Schotanus and René A. Tio

The relationship between resident burnout and safety-related and acceptability-related quality of healthcare: a systematic literature review

There has been increasing interest in examining the relationship between physician wellbeing and quality of patient care. However, few reviews have specifically focused on resident burnout and quality of patie...

Authors: Carolyn S. Dewa, Desmond Loong, Sarah Bonato, Lucy Trojanowski and Margaret Rea

Online or face-to-face instruction? A qualitative study on the electrocardiogram course at the University of Ulm to examine why students choose a particular format

Since the introduction of the e-learning electrocardiogram (ECG) course ‘ECG Online’ into the curriculum at the University of Ulm, a small but relatively constant number of students have decided not to partici...

Authors: Oliver Keis, Claudia Grab, Achim Schneider and Wolfgang Öchsner

Decentralised training for medical students: a scoping review

Increasingly, medical students are trained at sites away from the tertiary academic health centre. A growing body of literature identifies the benefits of decentralised clinical training for students, the heal...

Authors: Marietjie de Villiers, Susan van Schalkwyk, Julia Blitz, Ian Couper, Kalavani Moodley, Zohray Talib and Taryn Young

A model for the use of blended learning in large group teaching sessions

Although blended learning has the potential to enhance the student experience, both in terms of engagement and flexibility, it can be difficult to effectively restructure existing courses. To achieve these goa...

Authors: Cristan Herbert, Gary M. Velan, Wendy M. Pryor and Rakesh K. Kumar

Diagnostic errors by medical students: results of a prospective qualitative study

Diagnostic errors occur frequently in daily clinical practice and put patients’ safety at risk. There is an urgent need to improve education on clinical reasoning to reduce diagnostic errors. However, little i...

Authors: Leah T. Braun, Laura Zwaan, Jan Kiesewetter, Martin R. Fischer and Ralf Schmidmaier

Differences between medical student and faculty perceptions of the competencies needed for the first year of residency

Different guidelines and frameworks like the CanMEDs model or entrustable professional activities (EPAs) describe competencies required for successful and professional work of residents. Not all competencies a...

Authors: Sophie Fürstenberg and Sigrid Harendza

Conference presentation to publication: a retrospective study evaluating quality of abstracts and journal articles in medical education research

There is little evidence regarding the comparative quality of abstracts and articles in medical education research. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI), which was developed to eval...

Authors: Christopher R. Stephenson, Brianna E. Vaa, Amy T. Wang, Darrell R. Schroeder, Thomas J. Beckman, Darcy A. Reed and Adam P. Sawatsky

Reliability of Multiple Mini-Interviews and traditional interviews within and between institutions: a study of five California medical schools

Many medical schools use admissions Multiple Mini-Interviews (MMIs) rather than traditional interviews (TIs), partly because MMIs are thought to be more reliable. Yet prior studies examined single-school sampl...

Authors: Anthony Jerant, Mark C. Henderson, Erin Griffin, Julie A. Rainwater, Theodore R. Hall, Carolyn J. Kelly, Ellena M. Peterson, David Wofsy and Peter Franks

Validation of the 5-item doctor-patient communication competency instrument for medical students (DPCC-MS) using two years of assessment data

Medical students on clinical rotations have to be assessed on several competencies at the end of each clinical rotation, pointing to the need for short, reliable, and valid assessment instruments of each compe...

Authors: Jean-Sébastien Renaud and Luc Côté

Self-reported needs for improving the supervision competence of PhD supervisors from the medical sciences in Denmark

Quality of supervision is a major predictor for successful PhD projects. A survey showed that almost all PhD students in the Health Sciences in Denmark indicated that good supervision was important for the com...

Authors: Rie Raffing, Thor Bern Jensen and Hanne Tønnesen

Correction to: medical students can teach communication skills – a mixed methods study of cross-year peer tutoring

Authors: Osamu Nomura, Hirotaka Onishi and Hiroyuki Kato

Research involvement among undergraduate health sciences students: a cross-sectional study

The development of research capacity among undergraduates is an important intervention in countering the documented decrease in medical and health sciences researchers. The literature on undergraduate research...

Authors: J. Bovijn, N. Kajee, T. M. Esterhuizen and S. C. Van Schalkwyk

Depression in medical students: insights from a longitudinal study

Factors associated with depression of medical students are poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of depression in medical students, its change during the course, if depres...

Authors: Vanessa Silva, Patrício Costa, Inês Pereira, Ricardo Faria, Ana P. Salgueira, Manuel J. Costa, Nuno Sousa, João J. Cerqueira and Pedro Morgado

An integrative review of e-learning in the delivery of self-management support training for health professionals

E-learning involves delivery of education through Information and Communication Technology (ITC) using a wide variety of instructional designs, including synchronous and asynchronous formats. It can be as effe...

Authors: Sharon Lawn, Xiaojuan Zhi and Andrea Morello

Enhanced hospital-based learning at a medical school through application of management principles – a case study

A hospital with all its brimming activity constitutes a unique learning environment for medical students. However, to organise high-quality education within this context is a task of great complexity. This pap...

Authors: Anna Kiessling, Martin Roll and Peter Henriksson