Approaches to teaching and learning

Improving medical students’ communication competencies to deal with intimate partner violence using clinical simulations in Mozambique

During their medical training, medical students aim to master communication skills and professionalism competencies to foster the best possible patient-physician relationship. This is especially evident when d...

Authors: B. Manuel, M. Valcke, I. Keygnaert and K. Roelens

Man or machine? Impact of tutor-guided versus simulator-guided short-time bronchoscopy training on students learning outcomes

Simulation based medical education is efficient for the acquisition of flexible bronchoscopy navigational skills and the knowledge of the tracheobronchial anatomy. However, bronchoscopy simulator training is n...

Authors: Anke Schertel, Thomas Geiser and Wolf E. Hautz

Effect of mobile learning on academic achievement and attitude of Sudanese dental students: a preliminary study

Despite the great development of smart phone programs and applications, and the wide-spread of these devices among students, their use for the educational purposes remains weak. The study aimed to investigate ...

Authors: Nissreen Nugud Mergany, Alam-Elhuda Dafalla and Elhadi Awooda

How supervision and educational supports impact medical students’ preparation for future learning of endotracheal intubation skills: a non-inferiority experimental trial

Professional education cannot keep pace with the rapid advancements of knowledge in today’s society. But it can develop professionals who can. ‘Preparation for future learning’ (PFL) has been conceptualized as...

Authors: Julian C. Manzone, Maria Mylopoulos, Charlotte Ringsted and Ryan Brydges

Healing Through History: a qualitative evaluation of a social medicine consultation curriculum for internal medicine residents

Social context guides care; stories sustain meaning; neither is routinely prioritized in residency training. Healing Through History (HTH) is a social medicine consultation curriculum integrating social determ...

Authors: Joel Bradley, David Styren, Abigail LaPlante, John Howe, Sienna R. Craig and Emily Cohen

An innovative pharmacology curriculum for medical students: promoting higher order cognition, learner-centered coaching, and constructive feedback through a social pedagogy framework

Ongoing developments in medical education recognize the move to curricula that support self-regulated learning processes, skills of thinking, and the ability to adapt and navigate uncertain situations as much ...

Authors: Douglas McHugh, Andrew J. Yanik and Michael R. Mancini

Application and practice of a step-by-step method combined with case-based learning in Chinese otoendoscopy education

Standardized training allows more physicians to master otoendoscopic surgery. However, the lecture-based learning (LBL) applied in otoendoscopy teaching may not be conducive to training students in clinical th...

Authors: Fanqin Wei, Qiyang Sun, Zili Qin, Huiwen Zhuang, Guangli Jiang and Xuan Wu

Nutrition from the kitchen: culinary medicine impacts students’ counseling confidence

Although a poor diet is the number one risk factor for early death in the United States and globally, physicians receive little to no training in dietary interventions and lack confidence counseling patients a...

Authors: Emily Magallanes, Ahana Sen, Milette Siler and Jaclyn Albin

Teaching clinical reasoning to undergraduate medical students by illness script method: a randomized controlled trial

The illness script method employs a theoretical outline (e.g., epidemiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, interventions) to clarify how clinicians organized medical knowledge for clin...

Authors: Mana Moghadami, Mitra Amini, Mohsen Moghadami, Bhavin Dalal and Bernard Charlin

Pedagogical foundations of cybercivility in health professions education: a scoping review

Teaching cybercivility requires thoughtful attention to curriculum development and content delivery. Theories, models, and conceptual and theoretical frameworks (hereafter “tools”) provide useful foundations f...

Authors: Jennie C. DE GAGNE, Paula D. KOPPEL, Sang Suk KIM, Hyeyoung K. PARK and Sharron RUSHTON

Impact of blended learning on learning outcomes in the public healthcare education course: a review of flipped classroom with team-based learning

A flipped classroom with team-based learning is a blended educational strategy that guides active learning inside and outside the classroom. This study aimed to verify the effects of this innovative blended ed...

Authors: Hee Young Kang and Hae Ran Kim

Building a precision oncology workforce by multidisciplinary and case-based learning

Participants in two recent National Academy of Medicine workshops identified a need for more multi-disciplinary professionals on teams to assist oncology clinicians in precision oncology.

Authors: Srikar Chamala, Heather T. D. Maness, Lisa Brown, C. Brooke Adams, Jatinder K. Lamba and Christopher R. Cogle

Improving the quality of training paramedics by means of cadavers – a pilot study

Paramedics are authorised to perform emergency procedures, including trauma assessment according to global standards. The aim of the study was to answer the question whether the use of cadavers in teaching pra...

Authors: Piotr Leszczyński, Bożena Muraczyńska, Arkadiusz Wejnarski, Bożena Baczewska, Maria Malm and Bartłomiej Drop

“Brought to life through imagery” – animated graphic novels to promote empathic, patient-centred care in postgraduate medical learners

Empathy levels decline through medical training. This has been associated with poor patient and physician outcomes, and strategies to combat this decline are increasingly recognized as critical aspects of medi...

Authors: Travis Sutherland, Dorothy Choi and Catherine Yu

An evaluation of cascading mentorship as advocacy training in undergraduate medical education

Physicians are in a position of great influence to advocate for health equity. As such, it is important for physicians-in-training to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to fulfil this role. Although va...

Authors: Mitesh Patel, Devon Aitken, Yunlin Xue, Sanjeev Sockalingam and Alexander Simpson

Testing a new active learning approach to advance motor learning knowledge and self-efficacy in physical therapy undergraduate education

Motor learning (ML) science is foundational for physical therapy. However, multiple sources of evidence have indicated a science-practice gap. Clinicians report low self-efficacy with ML concepts and indicate ...

Authors: Daniela V. Vaz, Erica M. R. Ferreira, Giulia B. Palma, Osnat Atun-Einy, Michal Kafri and Fabiane R. Ferreira

The impact of writing on academic performance for medical students

Writing is a useful learning activity that promotes higher-order thinking, but there are limited studies that prove its effectiveness. In previous research, researchers tested the effect of summary writing on ...

Authors: Songeui Kim, Ji Won Yang, Jaeseo Lim, Seunghee Lee, Jungjoon Ihm and Jooyong Park

Simulation of operating room crisis management - hypotension training for pre‐clinical students

Simulation training is an essential criterion for medical staff. The majority of residents are trained in operating room crisis management (ORCM), but only a few pre-clinical anesthesia undergraduate students ...

Authors: Peng Gao, Chenyu Wang, Shijia Liu, Kevin C. Tran and Qingping Wen

Effect of motor imagery and actual practice on learning professional medical skills

The peripheral venous catheter is the most frequently used medical device in hospital care to administer intravenous treatment or to take blood samples by introducing a catheter into a vein. The aim of this st...

Authors: Christian Collet, Mahmoud El Hajj, Rawad Chaker, Bernard Bui-Xuan, Jean-Jacques Lehot and Nady Hoyek

Reflective practice and transcultural psychiatry peer e-learning between Somaliland and the UK: a qualitative evaluation

Reflective practice is a key skill for healthcare professionals. E-learning programmes have the potential to develop reflective practice in remote settings and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where a...

Authors: Mia Prosser, Thomas Stephenson, Jai Mathur, Hanieh Enayati, Abdirasak Kadie, Manal Mohamed Abdi, Jibril I. M. Handuleh and Roxanne C. Keynejad

Response to “How can WhatsApp facilitate the future of medical education and clinical practice?”

Authors: Enda O’Connor and Eamonn Coleman

Digital learning designs in physiotherapy education: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Digital learning designs have the potential to support teaching and learning within higher education. However, the research on digital learning designs within physiotherapy education is limited. This study aim...

Authors: Nina Bjerketveit Ødegaard, Hilde Tinderholt Myrhaug, Tone Dahl-Michelsen and Yngve Røe

Factors affecting paramedicine students’ learning about evidence‐based practice: a phenomenographic study

Evidence-based practice is an important component of pre-service professional learning in medicine and allied health degrees, including new programmes in paramedicine. Despite substantial interest in this area...

Authors: Anna Wilson, Susan Howitt, Adele Holloway, Anne-Marie Williams and Denise Higgins

Making it stick: use of active learning strategies in continuing medical education

Despite the known benefits of active learning (AL), the predominate educational format in higher education is the lecture. The reasons for slow adaptation of AL in medical education are not well understood. Th...

Authors: Brenda A. Bucklin, Nancy L. Asdigian, Joy L. Hawkins and Ulrich Klein

Two-dimensional integration approach to teaching cardiovascular physiology: effectiveness and students’ perspectives

Pre-clerkship medical curriculums consist of a series of organ system-based courses and lectures but often lack an integration between organ systems. Such integration could be beneficial for clerkship years an...

Authors: Kasiphak Kaikaew, Sarocha Vivatvakin, Maneerat Chayanupatkul, Weerapat Kositanurit, Sekh Thanprasertsuk and Onanong Kulaputana

Perceived usefulness and ease of use of fundoscopy by medical students: a randomised crossover trial of six technologies (eFOCUS 1)

Fundoscopy outside ophthalmology is in decline, and the technical demands of the traditional direct ophthalmoscope examination are likely contributing. Alternative fundoscopy technologies are increasingly avai...

Authors: H. P. Dunn, C. J. Kang, S. Marks, J. L. Witherow, S. M. Dunn, P. R. Healey and A. J. White

Understanding the key processes of excellence as a prerequisite to establishing academic centres of excellence in Africa

Africa’s economic transformation relies on a radical transformation of its higher education institutions. The establishment of regional higher education Centres of Excellence (CoE) across Africa through a Worl...

Authors: Abebaw Fekadu, Claire Oppenheim, Tsegahun Manyazewal, Corey Nislow, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, Asrat Hailu, Anteneh Belete, Dawit Wondimagegn, Charlotte Hanlon, Tsige Gebremariam, Asha Collins, Christopher J. Larson, Wondwossen Gebreyes, Eleni Aklilu, Adamson S. Muula, Sabina Mugus…

Simulation-based curriculum development: lessons learnt in Global Health education

Simulation based medical education (SBME) allows learners to acquire clinical skills without exposing patients to unnecessary risk. This is especially applicable to Emergency Medicine training programs where r...

Authors: Rasha D. Sawaya, Sandra Mrad, Eva Rajha, Rana Saleh and Julie Rice

Extending the use of the conceptions of learning and teaching (COLT) instrument to the postgraduate setting

Several studies have shown that conceptions of teachers on teaching and learning can influence the teaching practices and behavior in higher education. This association is also found in undergraduate medical e...

Authors: Jaime L. Pacifico, Walther van Mook, Jeroen Donkers, Johanna C. G. Jacobs, Cees van der Vleuten and Sylvia Heeneman

How important is distractor efficiency for grading Best Answer Questions?

Distractor efficiency and the optimum number of functional distractors per item in One Best Answer Questions have been debated. The prevalence of non-functional distractors has led to a reduction in the number...

Authors: Thomas Puthiaparampil and Mizanur Rahman

Using medical reality television as a technology-enhanced learning strategy to provide authentic patient care experiences during clinical placements: a case study research investigation

Over the last decade, the use of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) has rapidly expanded and diversified. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing demand for distance and online learning strategies to s...

Authors: Fiona Osborne, Miles Harrison, James Fisher and Belinda Bateman

Pre-clinical remote undergraduate medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey study

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated a sudden transition to remote learning in medical schools. We aimed to assess perceptions of remote learning among pre-clinical medical student...

Authors: Bita Shahrvini, Sally L. Baxter, Charles S. Coffey, Bridget V. MacDonald and Lina Lander

Systematic development and refinement of a contextually relevant strategy for undergraduate medical ethics education: a qualitative study

Delivery of medical ethics education is complex due to various reasons, compounded by the context-dependent nature of the content. The scarcity of relevant resources in the contexts of some developing countrie...

Authors: Muhammad Shahid Shamim, Adrienne Torda, Lubna A. Baig, Nadeem Zubairi and Chinthaka Balasooriya

Lessons from a community based interdisciplinary learning exposure: benefits for both students and communities in Uganda

Makerere University implemented a One Health Institute (OHI) in 2016 involving undergraduate students selected from different disciplines. The students were first taken through theoretical principles of One He...

Authors: Esther Buregyeya, Edwinah Atusingwize, Peninah Nsamba, Christine Nalwadda, Jimmy Osuret, Patrick Kalibala, Ronald Nuwamanya, Samuel Okech, Tonny Ssekamatte, Sarah Nitumusiima, Timothy Wakabi, Winnie Bikaako, Agnes Yawe, Irene Naigaga, Juvenal Kagarama, John David Kabasa…

Video-based, student tutor- versus faculty staff-led ultrasound course for medical students – a prospective randomized study

Ultrasound education is propagated already during medical school due to its diagnostic importance. Courses are usually supervised by experienced faculty staff (FS) with patient bedside examinations or students...

Authors: Christine Eimer, Max Duschek, Andreas Emanuel Jung, Günther Zick, Amke Caliebe, Matthias Lindner, Norbert Weiler and Gunnar Elke

Characteristics of dental note taking: a material based themed analysis of Swedish dental students

The transition from upper secondary to higher education and from higher education to professional practice requires that students adapt to new literacy practices, academic and professional. However, there is a...

Authors: Viveca Lindberg, Sofia Louca Jounger, Maria Christidis and Nikolaos Christidis

Mixed reality for teaching catheter placement to medical students: a randomized single-blinded, prospective trial

Cost-effective methods to facilitate practical medical education are in high demand and the “mixed-reality” (MR) technology seems suitable to provide students with instructions when learning a new practical ta...

Authors: D. S. Schoeb, J. Schwarz, S. Hein, D. Schlager, P. F. Pohlmann, A. Frankenschmidt, C. Gratzke and A. Miernik

Medical students’ self-reported gender discrimination and sexual harassment over time

Gender discrimination (GD) and sexual harassment (SH) occur at all academic institutions worldwide. Medical students report high prevalence of GD and SH, which may negatively affect their education and health....

Authors: Marta A. Kisiel, Sofia Kühner, Karin Stolare, Erik Lampa, Martin Wohlin, Nina Johnston and Anna Rask-Andersen

Effects on applying micro-film case-based learning model in pediatrics education

In view of the harsh reality Chinese paediatricians face, the challenge of paediatric education is about instilling not only knowledge and clinical skills but also resilience and beliefs. The aim of the study ...

Authors: Yuan Pan, Xiuqi Chen, Qiuwen Wei, Jinmin Zhao and Xun Chen

Peer mentoring experience on becoming a good doctor: student perspectives

PASS is a peer-led structured academic mentoring program designed to provide academic assistance for new students in their transition from college to university studies and also for students struggling in cert...

Authors: Mohd Syameer Firdaus Mohd Shafiaai, Amudha Kadirvelu and Narendra Pamidi

An interpretive phenomenological analysis of formative feedback in anesthesia training: the residents’ perspective

Consistent formative feedback is cornerstone to competency-by-design programs and evidence-based approaches to teaching and learning processes. There has been no published research investigating feedback from ...

Authors: Krista C. Ritchie, Ana Sjaus, Allana Munro and Ronald B. George

Simulated patient and role play methodologies for communication skills and empathy training of undergraduate medical students

Verbal and non-verbal communication, as well as empathy are central to patient-doctor interactions and have been associated with patients’ satisfaction. Non-verbal communication tends to override verbal messag...

Authors: Cristina Bagacean, Ianis Cousin, Anne-Helene Ubertini, Mohamed El Yacoubi El Idrissi, Anne Bordron, Lolita Mercadie, Leonor Canales Garcia, Jean-Christophe Ianotto, Philine De Vries and Christian Berthou

Effectiveness of blended learning versus lectures alone on ECG analysis and interpretation by medical students

Most medical students lack confidence and are unable to accurately interpret ECGs. Thus, better methods of ECG instruction are being sought. Current literature indicates that the use of e-learning for ECG anal...

Authors: Charle André Viljoen, Rob Scott Millar, Kathryn Manning and Vanessa Celeste Burch

Active learning of medical students in Taiwan: a realist evaluation

Active learning is defined as any instructional method that engages students in the learning process. Cultural differences in learning patterns can play an important role in engagement with active learning. We...

Authors: Chien-Da Huang, Hsu-Min Tseng, Chang-Chyi Jenq and Liang-Shiou Ou

Visual arts in the clinical clerkship: a pilot cluster-randomized, controlled trial

Arts exposure is associated with positive psychological constructs. To date, no randomized, controlled studies have integrated art into clinical medical education or measured its effects on positive psychologi...

Authors: Garth W. Strohbehn, Stephanie J. K. Hoffman, Molly Tokaz, Nathan Houchens, Ruth Slavin, Suzanne Winter, Martha Quinn, David Ratz, Sanjay Saint, Vineet Chopra and Joel D. Howell

Preferred teaching styles of medical faculty: an international multi-center study

In the current wave of educational reforms, understanding teaching styles of medical faculty can help modify instructional strategies for effective teaching. Few studies have probed distinctive teaching styles...

Authors: Nihar Ranjan Dash, Salman Yousuf Guraya, Mohammad Tahseen Al Bataineh, Mohamed Elhassan Abdalla, Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff, Mona Faisal Al-Qahtani, Walther N. K. A. van Mook, Muhammad Saeed Shafi, Hamdi Hameed Almaramhy and Wail Nuri Osman Mukhtar

Education of pharmacists in Ghana: evolving curriculum, context and practice in the journey from dispensing certificate to doctor of pharmacy certificate

Understanding the origin and evolution of education of pharmacists is important for practice and health system reforms. In Ghana, education of pharmacists started in the 1880s with the training of dispensers i...

Authors: Augustina Koduah, Irene Kretchy, Reginald Sekyi-Brown, Michelle Asiedu-Danso, Thelma Ohene-Agyei and Mahama Duwiejua

Effectiveness of clinical scenario dramas to teach doctor-patient relationship and communication skills

The doctor-patient relationship in China has deteriorated in recent years, and poor doctor-patient communication is one of the main reasons. How to effectively carry out doctor-patient communication training o...

Authors: Yinan Jiang, Lili Shi, Jinya Cao, Liming Zhu, Yue Sha, Tao Li, Xiaohong Ning, Xia Hong, Xiaoyan Dai and Jing Wei

Do we need special pedagogy in medical schools? – Attitudes of teachers and students in Hungary: a cross-sectional study

The quality of medical education is a key factor. The fact that mostly physicians teach tomorrow’s physicians without acquiring pedagogical skills before becoming a teacher is a cause of concern. In Hungary, w...

Authors: Zsuzsanna Varga, Zsuzsanna Pótó, László Czopf and Zsuzsanna Füzesi

Physiotherapy students can be educated to portray realistic patient roles in simulation: a pragmatic observational study

Simulation-based education (SBE) has many benefits for learners, but costs can limit embedding SBE in health professional curricula. Peer simulation involves students portraying patient roles, and may reduce c...

Authors: Shane A. Pritchard, Jennifer L. Keating, Debra Nestel and Felicity C. Blackstock