Gender | Score | Group | Mean ± standard deviation | The result of the paired t test (p-value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Overall virtual performance | pretest | 56.44 ± 24.12 | T = 2.07 P = 0.07 |
posttest | 63.00 ± 16.49 | |||
Virtual classroom management | pretest | 18.25 ± 4.70 | T = 1.57 P = 0.16 | |
posttest | 20.25 ± 6.27 | |||
Quality of course content | pretest | 14.63 ± 4.83 | T = 2.24 P = 0.06 | |
posttest | 15.87 ± 6.15 | |||
Interaction organization | pretest | 13.13 ± 4.60 | T = 0.30 P = 0.77 | |
posttest | 13.50 ± 6.21 | |||
Motivation management | pretest | 10.44 ± 3.48 | T = 1.57 P = 0.16 | |
posttest | 13.38 ± 4.50 | |||
Female | Overall virtual performance | pretest | 59.00 ± 8.96 | T = 4.35 P = 0.005* |
posttest | 65.43 ± 9.64 | |||
Virtual classroom management | pretest | 20.35 ± 3.44 | T = 2.70 P = 0.04* | |
posttest | 22.85 ± 2.19 | |||
Quality of course content | pretest | 14.00 ± 2.31 | T = 2.1 P = 0.08 | |
posttest | 17.14 ± 3.13 | |||
Interaction organization | pretest | 13.64 ± 4.93 | T = 0.05 P = 0.97 | |
posttest | 13.71 ± 5.61 | |||
Motivation management | pretest | 11.00 ± 4.26 | T = 0.80 P = 0.45 | |
posttest | 11.71 ± 5.49 |