Leveraging the vantage point – exploring nurses’ perception of residents’ communication skills: a mixed-methods study

Table 2 Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI Using Ordinal Logistic Regression

	Crude OR (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	p-value
Age
> 30	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
< 30 years	1.95 (1.08, 3.53)	0.027**	2.39 (1.27, 4.51)	0.007**
Gender
Male	Ref	Ref
Female	0.65 (0.28, 1.50)*	0.320
Interaction frequency
< 2	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
2–6	0.22 (0.09, 0.55)	0.001**	1.90 (0.90, 4.03)	0.090
> 6	0.51 (0.24, 1.08)	0.079	4.96 (1.96, 12.57)	0.001**
Institution of Undergraduate Education
Public	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Private	4.09 (1.97, 8.47)	< 0.0001**	3.62 (1.73, 7.55)	0.001**
Years of Experience
< 5 years	Ref	Ref
5–10 years	1.00 (0.51, 1.93)	0.993
> 10 years	0.76 (0.35, 1.64)*	0.495
Setting of interaction
Outpatient	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Inpatient	1.76 (0.88, 3.49)	0.106	1.19 (0.54, 2.62)	0.658
Setting by Ward and Private
Ward	Ref	Ref
Private	1.11 (0.29, 4.19)	0.867

*for study characteristics that had a p-value of > 0.25 in the crude OR were not entered in the adjusted model
**p-value of < 0.05 considered as significant

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