Table 2 Cultural competence of Dutch physician assistant (PA) students and alumni

Cultural competence domains

Knowledge

n = 115

n = 31

n = 84

 General ethnic minority care provision

Mean (SD) % of max. score^†

4.3 (1.5) 53

4.3 (1.4) 54

4.2 (1.6) 53

0.86

 Interpretation services

Mean (SD) % of max. score

3.2 (1.0) 63

3.0 (1.0) 61

3.2 (1.0) 64

0.43

Reflection Ability

n = 109

n = 29

n = 80

 GRAS score^‡

Mean (SD) % of max. score

91 (7) 79

90 (5) 78

91 (7) 79

0.59

Culturally competent consultation behavior

n = 124

n = 35

n = 89

 Exploring perspective

Mean (SD) % of max score

2.7 (1.1) 68

2.7 (0.8) 67

2.7 (1.1) 68

0.68

 Exploring health literacy

Mean (SD) % of max. score

3.1 (1.1) 79

3.0 (1.1) 76

3.2 (1.2) 80

0.06

 Exploring social context

Mean (SD) % of max. score

1.0 (0.7) 34

0.8 (0.5) 27

1.1 (0.7) 37

0.42

 Use of interpretation services

Mean (SD) % of max. score

4.9 (1.0)** 82

4.9 (1.1)** 82

4.9 (1.0)** 82

0.95

Self-perceived cultural competence^ǂ

n = 136

n = 40

n = 96

Mean (SD)

6.3 (1.3)

6.0 (1.2)

6.5 (1.3)

0.038