Table 1 Demographic variables of the experimental and control groups (N = 134)
Variable | Experimental group (N = 53) | Control group (N = 81) | χ2/t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | |||
Gender | 2.435 | 0.119 | ||
Male | 14 (26.42%) | 32 (39.51%) | ||
Female | 39 (73.58%) | 49 (60.49%) | ||
Age (mean ± SD) | 20.94 ± 3.63 | 21.31 ± 3.39 | - 0.593 | 0.554 |
Do you have any death experiences of yourself or others? | 1.098 | 0.778 | ||
Completely no | 9 (16.98%) | 10 (12.35%) | ||
Yes, but no important influence | 26 (49.06%) | 37 (45.68%) | ||
Yes, with some influence | 12 (22.64%) | 23 (28.40%) | ||
Yes, with important influence | 6 (11.32%) | 11 (13.58%) | ||
Did your family talk about death in the past? | 3.709 | 0.295 | ||
Never | 6 (11.32%) | 7 (8.64%) | ||
Avoided talking unless necessary | 21 (39.62%) | 28 (34.57%) | ||
Talked, but not naturally | 6 (11.32%) | 20 (24.69%) | ||
Talked in an open atmosphere | 20 (37.74%) | 26 (32.10%) | ||
Did you talk about death with your friends in the past? | 2.420 | 0.490 | ||
Never | 5 (9.43%) | 13 (16.05%) | ||
Avoided talking unless necessary | 8 (15.09%) | 17 (20.99%) | ||
Talked, but not naturally | 11 (20.75%) | 15 (18.52%) | ||
Talked in a natural atmosphere | 29 (54.72%) | 36 (44.44%) | ||
Religion | 5.952 | 0.311 | ||
Buddhism | 9 (16.98%) | 11 (13.58%) | ||
Folk religion | 21 (39.62%) | 21 (25.93%) | ||
I-Kuan Tao | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (1.23%) | ||
Christian/Catholic | 3 (5.66%) | 8 (9.88%) | ||
None | 18 (33.96%) | 39 (48.15%) | ||
Others | 2 (3.77%) | 1 (1.23%) | ||
Religious activities participation level (mean ± SD) | 2.21 ± 0.86 | 2.16 ± 0.84 | 0.313 | 0.755 |
Do you believe in life after death? (mean ± SD) | 3.40 ± 0.88 | 3.06 ± 1.07 | 1.898 | 0.060 |
Have you ever participated in funeral rituals? | 0.003 | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 43 (81.13%) | 76 (83.52%) | ||
No | 10 (18.87%) | 15 (16.48%) | ||