Table 5 Production and prioritization of unprofessional codes of conduct in terms of their importance and prevalence

Altruism

Preferring one’s personal interests over those of the patients

2

4.33 (0.98)

2.54 (0.78)

4

3.98 (1.02)

2.65 (0.91)

Ignoring necessary safety measures for oneself and others

-

3.75 (1.22)

2.31(0.85)

-

4.29 (0.74)

3.48 (1.13)

Not listening patiently and actively to the patient or his/her family and not allocating enough time to them

2

4.17 (0.83)

2.77 (1.09)

10

4.22 (0.87)

2.65 (1.06)

Not sharing one’s knowledge and experiences with one’s peers and healthcare team

-

3.83 (1.27)

2.38 (1.39)

1

3.96 (0.92)

2.4 (1.01)

Honor and Integrity

Lack of honesty and trustworthiness in actions, speech, and writing

3

4.33 (0.89)

2.46 (1.05)

11

4.17 (0.91)

2.52 (0.95)

Providing information outside one’s scientific and practice skills and not directing patients to experts

-

4.25 (0.87)

2.31 (1.25)

3

4.19 (0.89)

2.17 (0.95)

Not accepting responsibility in case of medical errors and not transferring one’s experiences to the healthcare team

-

4.08 (0.51)

2.62 (0.87)

4

4.1 (1.04)

2.77 (0.93)

Not asking for help from faculty members, peers, and healthcare team when one is unable to take care of the patient or lacks the required skills and not informing the patient about such matters

-

4.17 (0.94)

2.67 (1.13)

6

4.19 (0.92)

2.06 (0.89)

Establishing a romantic relationship with the patient and his/her companions during treatment

-

4.09 (0.83)

1.58 (0.67)

1

4.15 (0.92)

1.38 (0.61)

Not observing professional boundaries and abusing the patient or others for sexual, economic, advertising, or other such purposes

-

4.17 (0.83)

1.69 (0.85)

1

4.25 (0.96)

1.71 (0.92)

Creating discord between peers and other members of the healthcare team and provoking challenging, authoritarian and negative behaviors

2

3.92 (1.24)

2.08 (0.95)

2

4.08 (0.87)

2.19 (0.94)

Verbal argument and physical confrontation in dealing with the client's violence and not informing the police

-

4.17 (0.83)

1.85 (0.99)

2

3.9 (0.91)

1.92 (0.68)

Failure to manage conflict of interests in favor of patients' benefits

-

4.08 (1.08)

2.23 (0.73)

3

4.13 (0.96)

2.17 (0.91)

Not keeping calm when tired, under job stress or when having personal problems

-

4.33 (0.65)

2.77 (0.93)

1

4.21 (0.92)

2.93 (1.07)

Using alcohol, drugs, and psychoactive substances in clinical and educational environments

1

4.75 (0.45)

1.92 (0.86)

1

4.17 (1.04)

2.73 (1.38)

Not observing the norms of the medical profession in one’s dressing habit and behavior in clinical and academic environments

6

4.36 (0.67)

2.58 (1.165)

9

3.94 (0.86)

2.35 (0.93)

Unhealthy and counterproductive competition with peers in educational/research/clinical situations

-

4.25 (0.75)

2.31(1.03)

-

3.96 (0.92)

2.35 (0.76)

Imposing undue costs to patients and wasting health system resources and not abusing the authorities and facilities of the health system

1

4.25 (0.87)

2.23 (0.83)

2

4.06 (1)

2.38 (1.3)

Abusing one’s authority

2

4.25 (0.87)

1.77 (0.73)

1

4.17 (0.98)

2.23 (1.04)

Ignoring the rules, regulations, and ethics guidelines in educational matters

-

4.42 (0.67)

1.92 (0.76)

1

4.17 (0.86)

2.35 (0.86)

Ignoring general and specific ethical guidelines in all research

-

4.42 (0.67)

2.46 (0.66)

-

4.08 (0.85)

2.5 (0.97)

Responsibility/ Conscientiousness

Failure to fulfill full responsibilities on time and not being available

9

4.75 (0.45)

2.62 (0.77)

24

4.11 (1)

2.61 (0.98)

Not following the treatment process and not providing the necessary information after discharge

1

4.5 (0.52)

2.92 (0.64)

4

4.16 (0.9)

2.63 (1.04)

Lack of timely and appropriate cooperation with the healthcare team and not providing an integrated and continuous treatment plan

2

4.17 (0.83)

2.42 (0.67)

2

4.15 (0.8)

2.29 (0.87)

Not asking for help in providing services to patients in case of illness or personal problems, etc. and not informing the person in charge

-

4.25 (0.62)

1.92 (0.86)

-

4.21 (0.77)

2.75 (1.02)

Not providing the colleagues with feedback of professional misconduct or medical errors and not reporting serious cases and failing to correct the behavior

-

4.17 (0.58)

2.23 (0.83)

-

4.06 (0.84)

2.38 (0.87)

Not being accountable to professional expectations of faculty members, patients, etc. and not taking responsibility for one’s professional and personal performance

-

4.58 (0.67)

3 (0.82)

1

4.15 (0.81)

2.32 (0.86)

Respect

Failure to provide clear information to the patient or his/her legal representative for obtaining consent

-

4.58 (0.52)

1.85 (0.9)

5

4.14 (0.94)

2.43 (1.24)

Lack of respect for the patient’s independence and right to choose

-

4.17 (0.94)

2.31 (0.95)

3

4.12 (1.01)

2.51 (1.02)

Lack of respect and sympathy with the patient and his family when telling the truth

6

4.33 (0.78)

1.69 (0.75)

19

4.1 (0.93)

2.38 (0.87)

Not respecting the patient's privacy

4

4.67 (0.49)

2.46 (1.45)

12

4.21 (0.97)

2.96 (1.27)

Lack of respect for patients' beliefs of different ethnicities, religions, and cultures

-

4.67 (0.65)

1.69 (0.95)

-

4.06 (0.81)

1.85 (0.8)

Lack of respect for the patient's dignity, even in his/her absence and his/her dignity in the dissecting room

-

4.58 (0.51)

2.08 (0.86)

3

4.1 (0.91)

2.42 (0.85)

Not observing confidentiality about patient’s information and his/her identity information

6

4.67 (0.49)

2.23 (1.42)

19

4.23 (0.88)

2.31 (0.97)

Not observing confidentiality about the information of faculty members /peers/ healthcare team and revealing their identity information

3

4.75 (0.45)

2.31 (1.38)

3

4.08 (0.9)

2.31 (0.78)

Criticizing the decisions of the healthcare team in the presence of patients/their companions and disrespecting them

-

4.5 (0.52)

2.08 (1.04)

4

4.23 (0.78)

2.13 (1.12)

Lack of respect for the role and skills of the members of the healthcare team and lack of honest and patient interaction based on human dignity and ignoring the hierarchy

-

4.33 (0.65)

1.92 (0.86)

5

4.02 (0.79)

2.04 (1.05)

Not showing respect and gratitude towards the more experienced faculty members and students

-

4.18 (0.98)

2.31 (1.18)

2

3.88 (0.89)

1.83 (0.86)

Justice

Ignoring religious laws and regulations of the medical profession and academic rules

-

4.09 (0.7)

1.92 (0.86)

-

3.9 (0.92)

2.27 (0.86)

Discrimination based on age, gender, literacy, nationality, ethnicity, race, language, beliefs, criminal background, and socioeconomic status

1

4.42 (0.67)

1.77 (1.01)

2

4.19 (0.96)

1.92 (0.85)

Failing to serve people with special diseases in accordance with safety standards and principles used for other patients

-

4.67 (0.49)

2.15 (0.9)

-

4.21 (0.97)

2.02 (0.91)

Unfair behavior toward the healthcare team and not trying to resolve disputes between them while observing the human dignity

1

4.27 (0.65)

2.08 (0.95)

-

4.08 (0.8)

2.56 (0.94)

Not using fair criteria and tools in evaluating faculty members and colleagues and showing partiality

-

3.92 (1.08)

2.08 (0.79)

-

3.96 (0.8)

2.51 (1.06)

Excellence

Ignorance of one’s strengths and weaknesses and lack of reflection on one’s actions and behaviors

1

4.5 (0.8)

2.62 (1.19)

2

4.13 (0.96)

2.77 (0.93)

Not paying attention to the opinions and feedbacks of the healthcare team and patients about one’s professional behaviors and abilities and not reflecting on them

1

4.5 (0.52)

2.69 (1.25)

-

4.08 (0.92)

2.48 (0.88)

Poor initiative and inner motivation for one’s excellence and all-round promotion

1

4.08 (0.67)

3 (1)

1

4.04 (0.9)

2.71 (0.97)

Poor intellectual maturity in dealing with crises and not using self-management and strong decision-making mechanisms

-

4.33 (0.78)

2.69 (0.95)

2

4.06 (0.89)

2.63 (1.04)

Lack of interest in medical profession, deficient personality, poor self-confidence and not accepting one’s responsibilities in different situations

-

4.17 (1.03)

2.77 (1.09)

-

4.1 (0.95)

3.02 (1.1)

Rejecting logical reasoning in discussions with faculty members, peers, etc. and showing hostile, malicious and unfounded criticism

-

4.55 (0.52)

2.23 (0.83)

-

4.13 (0.89)

2.33 (0.91)

Not providing guidance and timely and effective feedback to peers and healthcare team and not making constructive suggestions for better learning and performance improvement

-

3.82 (1.33)

2.58 (1.08)

-

3.92 (0.94)

2.75 (1)