Table 1 multimodal acute care assessment and data generated
Assessment modality | Test description | Examples of stations | Number of stations | Scores generated per participant | Analyzed at group level as … |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Written knowledge exam • 40 minutes • around 40 closed and 6 open format questions | • paper-based • to assess factual and applied knowledge and higher order thinking | 1 | 1 knowledge score | Mean knowledge score | |
Case-based discussions (CBDs) • 2x 10 minutes • patients requiring urgent attendance at the ED | • one-on-one structured questioning • to assess information gathering, clinical reasoning, and know-how of case management | A 65-year old male presenting with chest pain at the ED | 2 | 2 CBD scores | Mean CBD score |
A 38-year old female presenting with dyspnea and sharp pain on breathing at the ED | 2 GRS | GRS distribution | |||
Skills stations • 5-7x 5 minutes | • OSCE format • to assess skill performance | Bag-mask ventilation | 5-7 | 5 – 7 OSCE scores | Mean OSCE score |
Defibrillation | 5 – 7 GRS | GRS distribution | |||
ECG interpretation | |||||
High-fidelity simulations • 3x approximately 12 minutes • challenges a PNIT could encounter at the ED or on the ward • participant enacted the role of first responding doctor. A non-obstructive nurse was present, who only acted on instruction. | • real-time scenarios with standardized scripts • to assess clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, technical skills, and behavioral skills and attitudes, including communication and crisis resource management • certified simulation facilitators • debriefing after each scenario to foster learning and well-being | A 60-year old male is reported to be “just not right” in the urology ward | 3 | 3 simulation scores | Mean simulation score |
A 21-year old comatose male is brought in from a party to the ED by paramedics | 3 GRS | GRS distribution |