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Table 3 Measures of explicit and implicit anti-Indigenous bias of medical school applicants, stratified by application status, compared with current medical students and undergraduate math students

From: Anti-Indigenous bias of medical school applicants: a cross-sectional study

 

How do you feel about Indigenous people?a (median, IQR)

Do you prefer white people or Indigenous people?b

(median, IQR)

IATc (ms) (median, IQR)

Applicants

96 (80–100)

50 (37–55)

−0.22 (− 0.54, 0.08)

Math Students

77 (58–100)

57.5 (52.5–64.5)

− 0.30 (− 0.74, 0.07)

Current Medical Students

93 (77–100)

51 (30–71)

−0.16 (− 0.41, 0.18)

Kruskal-Wallis test

p = 0.05

p = 0.11

p = 0.44

Not interviewed

98 (80–100)

50 (40–54)

−0.22 (− 0.52, 0.07)

Interviewed

94 (79–100)

50 (32–55)

−0.25 (− 0.55, 0.13)

Wilcoxon rank-sum test

p = 0.52

p = 0.43

p = 0.65

Rejected

90 (75–100)

51 (48–58)

−0.31 (− 0.63, 0.11)

Waitlisted

90 (75–100)

50 (43.5–58.5)

−0.11 (− 0.26, 0.13)

Accepted

96.5 (86–100)

31 (13.5–43)

− 0.27 (− 0.49, 0.34)

Wilcoxon rank-sum test

p = 0.47

p = 0.02

p = 0.43

Not admitted

96 (79–100)

50 (40–55)

−0.23 (− 0.55, 0.08)

Matriculated

100 (86–100)

32 (27–35)

−0.07 (− 0.32, 0.37)

Wilcoxon rank-sum test

p = 0.36

p = 0.01

p = 0.12

  1. IAT Anti-Indigenous Implicit Association Test, IQR interquartile range
  2. a Responses used a sliding thermometer from 0 to 100, where 100 is labelled “Warm/Favourable” and 0 is labelled “Cold/Unfavourable” and 50 indicates neutral
  3. b Responses used a sliding thermometer from 0 to 100, where 100 is labelled “white people”, 0 is labelled “Indigenous people” and 50 is labelled “no preference”
  4. c Scored in time latencies, where negative results suggest a preference for European faces and positive scores suggest a preference for Indigenous faces. Scores greater than |0.65 ms| suggest strong preferences, between |0.64 to 0.35 ms| suggest moderate preferences, between |0.15 to 0.34 ms| suggest mild preferences, and scores between |0.15 and 0 ms| suggest no preference