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Table 2 Explicit and implicit anti-Indigenous measures of medical school applicant respondents, stratified by demographic data

From: Anti-Indigenous bias of medical school applicants: a cross-sectional study

 

How do you feel about Indigenous people?a (median, IQR)

Do you prefer white people or Indigenous people?b (median, IQR)

IAT (median, IQR)

Gender

 Cisgender women

100 (83–100)

50 (39–55)

− 0.19 (− 0.47, 0.15)

 Cisgender men

90 (75–100)

50 (46.5–58)

− 0.31 (− 0.62, 0.00)

 A non-binary genderc

100 (73–100)

31 (25–42)

0.10 (− 0.18, 1.00)

 Wilcoxon rank-sum testd

p = 0.001

p = 0.44

p = 0.0005

Age

 < 20 years

97.5 (80–100)

47 (37–54)

− 0.20 (− 0.31, 0.13)

 21–25 years

96 (79–100)

50 (45.5–55)

− 0.24 (− 0.57, 0.06)

 26–30 years

87 (79–100)

50 (32–55)

− 0.20 (− 0.52, 0.15)

 31–35 years

100 (90–100)

50 (36–55)

− 0.17 (− 0.59, 0.21)

 36–40 years

100 (100–100)

27 (0–47)

0.01 (− 0.50, 0.30)

 41–45 years

100 (88–100)

58 (58–58)

0.41 (− 0.76, 0.29)

 46–50 years

93 (85.5–100)

–

− 0.63 (− 0.63, − 0.63)

 > 55 years

88 (88–88)

–

− 0.19 (− 0.19, − 0.19)

 Kruskal-Wallis test

p = 0.01

p = 0.33

p = 0.69

Race

 Black

100 (83–100)

47 (33–50)

− 0.29 (− 0.50, 0.25)

 White

98 (82–100)

50 (49–56.5)

− 0.31 (− 0.61, 0.01)

 Indigenous

–

–

–

 Middle Eastern

100 (95.5–100)

38 (0–47)

− 0.28 (− 0.43, 0.13)

 Asian

93.5 (77.5–100)

50 (37–61)

− 0.18 (− 0.34, 0.10)

 Hispanic/Latinx

93.5 (87–100)

51.5 (51–52)

0.04 (− 0.42, 0.36)

 Wilcoxon rank-sum teste

p = 0.42

p = 0.02

p = 0.0004

LGBTQ2S+ Community

 Yes

100 (82–100)

48 (33–56)

−0.26 (− 0.60, 0.11)

 Unsure

98 (85–100)

47 (44–54)

− 0.07 (− 0.30, 0.21)

 No

96 (80–100)

50 (41–55)

− 0.22 (− 0.54, 0.10)

 Wilcoxon rank-sum testf

p = 0.29

p = 0.17

p = 0.11

Minority

 Visible Minority

98 (80–100)

48 (33–56)

−0.26 (− 0.60, 0.11)

 Non-visible Minority

100 (84–100)

43 (28–52)

−0.23 (− 0.54, 0.08)

  1. Statistical comparison was only performed when groups had more than 15 respondents
  2. IAT implicit association test, LGBTQ+ Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual orientation community members
  3. Other ability = any sensory, learning, mobility, chronic illness, mental health, temporary illness, or other impairment
  4. a Responses used a sliding thermometer from 0 to 100, where 100 is labelled “Warm/Favourable” and 0 is labelled “Cold/Unfavourable” and 50 indicates neutral
  5. b Responses used a sliding thermometer from 0 to 100, where 100 is labelled “white people”, 0 is labelled “Indigenous people” and 50 is labelled “no preference”
  6. c Two Spirit, gender diverse, non-binary, transgender, and people whose gender was not listed were combined into the group “non-binary gender” to prevent identifiability due to smaller numbers across individual groups
  7. d Comparison between cisgender women and cisgender men
  8. e Comparison between white and Black, Indigenous and People of Colour participants
  9. f Comparison between “Yes and Unsure” members of the LGTBQ+ community to “No” respondents
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BMC Medical Education

ISSN: 1472-6920

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