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Table 3 Analysis of learners’ pre-intervention and post-intervention attitude

From: The outcomes of a mobile just-in-time-learning intervention for teaching bioethics in Pakistan

Items

 

Pre-intervention

Post-intervention

N

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mobile learning through apps on smart devices is beneficial in medical education

29

3.59

0.568

3.52

0.509

Mobile learning tools provide me with rich resources for learning

29

3.55

0.506

3.34

0.614

Learning through smart devices is easy to monitor

29

3.45

0.632

3.52

0.574

Use of smart devices is relevant for my study program

29

3.45

0.632

3.52

0.574

Smart devices provide efficiency in learning

29

3.48

0.634

3.28

0.591

Mobile learning should be supplementary to traditional learning

29

3.48

0.509

3.28

0.797

Mobile learning needs well prepared learning materials

29

3.38

0.561

3.34

0.67

Smart devices can create a personally meaningful learning experience for me

29

3.38

0.561

3.45

0.572

Mobile learning can minimize the cost of learning for me

29

3.55

0.506

3.28

0.702

The use of mobile learning requires non-lecture-based teaching strategies

29

3.28

0.649

2.97

0.778

I would feel comfortable taking mobile learning courses

29

3.38

0.622

3.24

0.739

Using smart devices for learning will save my time

29

3.45

0.632

3.21

0.559

Mobile learning would be better than classroom-based learning

29

2.62

0.82

2.76

0.988

Mobile learning would enable me to interact with my professors more easily than in traditional learning

29

3

0.655

2.59

0.867

I learn better through mobile learning strategies than through lectures

29

2.83

0.759

2.79

0.774

Mobile learning enables me to understand the subject more than the traditional style of learning

29

3.03

0.731

2.76

0.786

I would like to have teaching–learning using smart devices

29

3.38

0.561

3

0.756

Faculty would need sufficient training to teach through smart devices

29

3.55

0.572

3.41

0.733

Students need sufficient changes in their learning styles for mobile learning

29

3.38

0.561

3.17

0.805

Overall scores

 

3.32

0.42

3.17

0.44