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Table 6 Summary of the different type of learning outcome

From: A systematic review of health sciences students’ online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

Type of learning outcome

Result

Number of studies

Study

Based on academic performance

Increase

5

Elzainy et al. (2020); Jaap et al. (2021); Kim et al. (2020); Schoenfeld-Tacher & Dorman et al. (2021); Suppan et al. (2021) [24, 29, 31, 48, 69]

Decrease

1

Mahdy (2020) [50]

Not effected

1

Martinez et al. (2020) [30]

Based on the type of skills obtained

Improve communication skill

2

Afonso et al. (2020); Fischbeck et al. (2020) [70, 79]

Increase clinical skills

5

Higgins et al. (2020); Jiménez-Rodríguez et al. (2020); Amer & Nemenqani. (2020); Co et al. (2021); Atli et al. (2021) [25, 26, 47, 71, 80]