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Table 4 Comparison of the duration of catheterization and incidence rates of complications

From: Application of plan-do-check-act management to improve first-attempt insertion success rates of internal jugular vein catheterization for standardized training residents in an intensive care unit

 

historic control group

PDCA group

Z

P value

Duration of catheterization [min, M (Q25, Q75)]

9(6.25, 13.00)

4(3, 5)

Z = -5.214

0.000

Incidence of complications [cases, n (%)]

4(20%)

0(0%)

a

0.013

  Inadvertent arterial puncture

1(5%)

0(0%)

  

  Bleeding or haematoma

3(15%)

0(0%)

  Pneumothorax, haemothorax or chylothorax

0(0%)

0(0%)

  Catheter-associated infection

0(0%)

0(0%)

  1. a: Fisher exact probability method