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Table 1 Univariable associations of 4-HCS overall score with demographic and education-related characteristics for undergraduate medical students (n = 165)

From: Student characteristics associated with interpersonal skills in medical consultations

Characteristics

4-HCSb

Mean (SD)

β regression coefficient (95%CI)a

Unadjusted

p

Gender

Men (n = 54)

72.4 (13.5)

−4.4 (− 8.2;-0.6) Reference

0.024

Women (n = 111)

76.8 (10.6)

Research laboratory clerkship

Yes (n = 29)

79.6 (8.7)

5.1 (0.4;9.9)

0.032

No (n = 136)

74.5 (12.2)

Reference

International clinical placement

Yes (n = 47)

79.4 (10.4)

5.6 (1.7;9.5)

0.006

No (n = 118)

73.8 (11.9)

Reference

 

No. of attempts at MCAT

1 (n = 79)

76.7 (11.2)

2.5 (− 1.1;6.1)

0.180

> 1 (n = 86)

74.2 (12.2)

Reference

First year examination score

1st quartile [68.3–71.2]

73.0 (12.7)

Reference

 

2nd quartile [71.3–73.5]

78.5 (11.5)

5.6 (0.4;10.7)

 

3rd quartile [73.6–75.8]

76.6 (11.1)

3.7 (−1.2;8.5)

0.866

4th quartile [75.9–87.6]

74.2 (11.1)

1.3 (− 3.6;6.2)

 

Second year examination score

1st quartile [51.8–66.4]

72.9 (11.4)

Reference

 

2nd quartile [66.5–70.9]

76.5 (11.7)

3.6 (−1.5;8.7)

 

3rd quartile [71.0–75.3]

77.0 (10.0)

4.2 (− 0.9;9.3)

0.292

4th quartile [75.4–87.0]

74.9 (10.6)

2.0 (−3.2;7.3)

 

Third year examination score

1st quartile [38.0–62.0]

73.3 (15.2)

Reference

 

2nd quartile [62.1–66.7]

75.7 (10.8)

2.4 (−2.6;7.5)

 

3rd quartile [66.8–71.7]

77.1 (9.9)

3.7 (−1.5;8.9)

0.302

4th quartile [71.8–84.3]

75.3 (10.7)

2.0 (−3.2;7.2)

 

Medicine clerkship

No (n = 2)

85.1 (2.3)

Reference

 

One (n = 8)

76.9 (10.3)

−8.3 (−26.5;10.0)

 

Two (n = 35)

77.6 (11.5)

−7.5 (−24.3;9.2)

 

Three (n = 75)

75.0 (11.8)

−10.2 (− 26.7;6.4)

0.038

Four (n = 40)

74.8 (11.6)

−10.3 (−27.0;6.4)

 

Five (n = 5)

64.5 (15.0)

−20.7 (−40.0;-1.4)

 

Surgery clerkship

No (n = 28)

74.1 (13.5)

Reference

 

One (n = 80)

77.0 (9.8)

2.8 (−2.3;8.0)

 

Two (n = 46)

74.0 (13.1)

−0.1 (−5;7;5;5)

0.478

Three (n = 10)

71.5 (14.6)

−2.7 (−11.2;5.9)

 

Four (n = 1)

80.8

6.6 (−17.1;30.3)

 
  1. Abbreviations: MCAT Medical College Admission Test, CI Confidence Interval, 4-HCS 4 Habits Coding Scheme, SD Standard Deviation
  2. a β regression coefficients quantified the change in 4-HCS score for each independent variable category relative to the reference, with null value equal to 0
  3. b 4-HCS range: [23–115]