BMC Medical Education

Table 1 Statistical comparison of the scores of the QoL and DASS-21 scales according to their classes

From: Effect of distance learning on the quality of life, anxiety and stress levels of dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic

	Dental Students’ Classes
	1	2	3	4	5	Post-Hoc Tests										p
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	1–2	1–3	1–4	1–5	2–3	2–4	2–5	3–4	3–5	4–5
	DASS 21
Anxiety	14.37 ± 6.55	13.97 ± 6.48	16.56 ± 7.04	15.74 ± 6.56	15.15 ± 6.52	NS	*	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	.040
Depression	15.03 ± 8.25	14.67 ± 6.93	17.3 ± 9.01	15.79 ± 8.28	14.41 ± 8.35	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	NS	**	NS	.038
Stress	13.9 ± 6.31	12.5 ± 6.27	15.79 ± 7.98	15.23 ± 7.74	15.05 ± 6.75	NS	NS	NS	NS	**	**	*	NS	NS	NS	.016
	WHOQOL BREF
General Quality Of Life	7.14 ± 1.59	7.03 ± 1.61	6.8 ± 1.71	6.86 ± 1.49	6.89 ± 1.49	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Physical Health	22.75 ± 3.94	23.24 ± 3.7	22.25 ± 3.98	21.75 ± 3.76	22.56 ± 3.41	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Psychological	19.95 ± 3.22	20.56 ± 3.56	19.92 ± 3.96	19.52 ± 3.37	20.33 ± 3.51	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Social Relationships	9.22 ± 2.79	10.5 ± 2.33	10.36 ± 2.62	9.49 ± 2.71	10.09 ± 2.54	**	**	NS	*	NS	**	NS	**	NS	NS	.004
Environmental	29.25 ± 5.42	28.37 ± 5.26	27.4 ± 5.44	27.11 ± 4.93	28.56 ± 5.58	NS	*	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	.033
Total	88.12 ± 13.78	90.21 ± 13.72	86.86 ± 14.43	84.15 ± 13.14	88.33 ± 13.69	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	NS	*	.037

Abbreviations: NS Not significant, p, Results of One-way ANOVA test (Post Hoc (LSD) test), SD Standard Deviation; *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001

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ISSN: 1472-6920

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