Table 4 Academic-year differences in the helpfulness of the learning method for the eight character qualities (n = 728)
From: Medical students’ self-evaluation of character, and method of character education
Category | Service and sacrifice | Empathy and communication | Care and respect | Honesty and humility | Responsibility and calling | Collaboration and magnanimity | Creativity and positivity | Patience and leadership | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Club activities | Group1 (n = 202) | 3.5 ± 1.38 | 4.3 ± .96 | 4.1 ± 1.03 | 3.1 ± 1.33 | 3.9 ± 1.30 | 4.3 ± 0.97 | 3.3 ± 1.42 | 3.8 ± 1.16 |
Group2 (n = 415) | 3.5 ± 1.41 | 3.8 ± 1.25 | 3.7 ± 1.26 | 3.0 ± 1.39 | 3.7 ± 1.30 | 3.9 ± 1.25 | 3.1 ± 1.47 | 3.7 ± 1.29 | |
Group3 (n = 111) | 3.3 ± 1.31 | 3.8 ± 1.11 | 3.7 ± 0.99 | 3.1 ± 1.20 | 3.5 ± 1.20 | 3.7 ± 1.07 | 3.4 ± 1.25 | 3.6 ± 1.05 | |
F | 1.096 | 10.763*** | 7.219** | 1.549 | 2.692 | 11.594*** | 2.829 | 1.121 | |
Scheffé | 1 > 2,3 | 1 > 2,3 | 1 > 2,3 | ||||||
Course studies | Group1 (n = 202) | 2.8 ± 1.37 | 3.1 ± 1.32 | 3.1 ± 1.33 | 3.0 ± 1.31 | 3.4 ± 1.25 | 3.3 ± 1.32 | 3.0 ± 1.38 | 3.3 ± 1.29 |
Group2 (n = 415) | 2.7 ± 1.33 | 2.8 ± 1.34 | 2.8 ± 1.32 | 2.8 ± 1.38 | 3.3 ± 1.31 | 3.0 ± 1.34 | 2.6 ± 1.37 | 3.0 ± 1.32 | |
Group3 (n = 111) | 2.9 ± 1.44 | 3.1 ± 1.29 | 3.2 ± 1.23 | 3.1 ± 1.27 | 3.3 ± 1.31 | 3.2 ± 1.22 | 2.9 ± 1.31 | 3.2 ± 1.34 | |
F | .773 | 4.207* | 5.444** | 3.216* | .646 | 2.855 | 4.317* | 3.918* | |
Scheffé | 1 > 2 | 1,3 > 2 | 1 > 2 | 1 > 2 | |||||
Role modeling of professors | Group1 (n = 202) | 3.3 ± 1.37 | 3.4 ± 1.26 | 3.5 ± 1.25 | 3.4 ± 1.32 | 3.7 ± 1.27 | 3.2 ± 1.36 | 3.1 ± 1.37 | 3.6 ± 1.20 |
Group2 (n = 415) | 3.2 ± 1.38 | 3.2 ± 1.33 | 3.3 ± 1.29 | 3.3 ± 1.36 | 3.7 ± 1.26 | 3.2 ± 1.36 | 3.0 ± 1.46 | 3.4 ± 1.31 | |
Group3 (n = 111) | 3.8 ± 1.07 | 3.7 ± 1.03 | 3.8 ± 0.99 | 3.7 ± 1.05 | 4.0 ± 0.88 | 3.7 ± 1.05 | 3.3 ± 1.28 | 3.7 ± 1.22 | |
F | 6.996** | 6.364** | 8.979*** | 4.800** | 2.605 | 7.359** | 1.922 | 2.239 | |
Scheffé | 3 > 1,2 | 3 > 2 | 3 > 2 | 3 > 2 | 3 > 1,2 | ||||
Team-based learning activities | Group1 (n = 202) | 3.5 ± 1.35 | 4.0 ± 1.07 | 3.9 ± 1.24 | 3.3 ± 1.27 | 3.8 ± 1.28 | 4.0 ± 1.12 | 3.4 ± 1.30 | 3.8 ± 1.24 |
Group2 (n = 415) | 3.5 ± 1.24 | 3.8 ± 1.11 | 3.8 ± 1.12 | 3.3 ± 1.19 | 3.7 ± 1.17 | 3.8 ± 1.13 | 3.2 ± 1.26 | 3.7 ± 1.10 | |
Group3 (n = 111) | 3.5 ± 1.12 | 3.8 ± 1.06 | 3.8 ± 1.16 | 3.5 ± 1.15 | 3.9 ± 1.13 | 3.9 ± 1.15 | 3.4 ± 1.13 | 3.8 ± 1.00 | |
F | .023 | 3.099* | .664 | 1.150 | 1.133 | 2.424 | 2.720 | .983 | |
Scheffé | 1 > 2 | ||||||||
Relationships with peer students | Group1 (n = 202) | 3.5 ± 1.25 | 4.2 ± 0.94 | 4.1 ± 0.95 | 3.6 ± 1.30 | 3.6 ± 1.34 | 3.9 ± 1.08 | 3.1 ± 1.35 | 3.6 ± 1.19 |
Group2 (n = 415) | 3.3 ± 1.28 | 3.9 ± 0.99 | 3.9 ± 1.01 | 3.5 ± 1.17 | 3.5 ± 1.17 | 3.8 ± 1.05 | 3.0 ± 1.33 | 3.6 ± 1.16 | |
Group3 (n = 111) | 3.5 ± 1.04 | 3.9 ± 0.96 | 3.8 ± 0.95 | 3.6 ± 0.95 | 3.6 ± 1.19 | 3.8 ± 0.95 | 3.3 ± 1.16 | 3.6 ± 1.00 | |
F | 1.857 | 5.054** | 6.246** | 1.212 | .221 | 1.540 | 1.905 | .320 | |
Scheffé | 1 > 2,3 | 1 > 2,3 | |||||||