Table 2 Description of Organizational Socialization Tactics; summary of Van Maanen and Schein [7]
Tactic | Description |
|---|---|
Collective and individual socialization tactic | The degree to which newcomers are socialized in a group with common experiences, or separated from other newcomers so they have ‘a more or less unique set of experiences’ |
Formal and informal socialization tactics | Whether newcomers participate in a structured program tailored to their role of newcomer, separated from regular employees, or in a program that does not distinguish the newcomers’ role from other roles, so they learn their new role through trial and error |
Sequential and random socialization tactic | The degree to which the organization plans the socialization as a gradual process or more random, when the sequence of steps is unknown or ambiguous |
Fixed and variable socialization tactic | The degree to which the organization expects that socialization occurs within a fixed timeframe, or more variable giving newcomers few cues as to when to expect a given boundary passage |
Serial and disjunctive tactic | The degree to which newcomers are socialized with the help of role-models, or not |
Investiture and divestiture socialization tactic | The degree to which organizations build upon the capabilities and values newcomers acquired previously and affirm their gained self-image, or deny and strips away certain newcomer characteristics and rebuild newcomers’ self-image |