From: Traffic safety knowledge gain of ambulance drivers after simulator-based training
n = 147 | B | SE | ß | B | SE | ß | B | SE | ß | B | SE | ß | B | SE | ß | B | SE | ß |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1: demographic data | ||||||||||||||||||
 • age (years) | −0.06 | 0.02 | −0.209*ǂ | −0.07 | 0.04 | −0.269+ | − 0.04 | 0.10 | − 0.155 | −0.02 | 0.10 | −0.076 | − 0.01 | 0.10 | − 0.035 | −0.04 | 0.11 | −0.141 |
 • gender | 0.53 | 0.49 | 0.090 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.099 | 0.77 | 0.51 | 0.131 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.103 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.101 | 0.59 | 0.53 | 0.100 |
Step 2: work experience | ||||||||||||||||||
 • qualification |  |  |  | 0.94 | 0.52 | 0.163+ | 1.09 | 0.51 | 0.189* | 1.16 | 0.52 | 0.200* | 1.00 | 0.55 | 0.172+ | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.134 |
 • EMS duration (months) |  |  |  | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.069 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.026 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.079 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.025 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.047 |
 • employment type |  |  |  | 0.13 | 0.68 | 0.018 | 0.57 | 0.68 | 0.076 | 0.56 | 0.70 | 0.075 | 0.47 | 0.71 | 0.063 | 0.21 | 0.71 | 0.029 |
Step 3: driving experience | ||||||||||||||||||
 • license possession (years) |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.01 | 0.10 | −0.046 | − 0.03 | 0.11 | − 0.110 | − 0.02 | 0.11 | − 0.074 | − 0.00 | 0.11 | − 0.010 |
 • number of licenses |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.13 | 0.63 | 0.157+ | 1.22 | 0.65 | 0.170+ | 1.21 | 0.67 | 0.169+ | 1.12 | 0.67 | 0.157+ |
 • yearly driving mileage (in km) |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.00 | 0.00 | −0.136 | − 0.00 | 0.00 | − 0.106 | − 0.00 | 0.00 | − 0.099 | − 0.00 | 0.00 | − 0.089 |
 • traffic violations |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.96 | 0.46 | −0.192* | − 0.92 | 0.47 | − 0.183* | − 0.92 | 0.48 | − 0.148+ | − 0.88 | 0.48 | − 0.174+ |
 • traffic safety trainings |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.06 | 0.45 | 0.199*ǂ | 1.02 | 0.46 | 0.191*ǂ | 0.84 | 0.47 | 0.158+ | 0.91 | 0.47 | 0.170+ |
Step 4: subjective attitude | ||||||||||||||||||
 • driving competence |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.16 | 0.16 | − 0.085 | − 0.16 | 0.16 | − 0.088 | − 0.16 | 0.16 | − 0.088 |
 • accident likelihood |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.01 | 0.12 | − 0.006 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.017 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.001 |
 • RS serious RV |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.119 | 1.17 | 0.90 | 0.153 | 0.99 | 0.90 | 0.131 |
 • RS moderate RV |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.84 | 0.56 | −0.186 | − 0.67 | 0.58 | − 0.119 | − 0.66 | 0.60 | − 0.147 |
 • RS light RV |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.16 | 0.64 | −0.035 | − 0.37 | 0.67 | − 0.082 | −0.51 | 0.67 | −0.115 |
 • RS regular driving situations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.01 | 0.53 | − 0.002 | − 0.09 | 0.54 | − 0.021 | − 0.08 | 0.55 | − 0.018 |
Step 5: traffic related personality | ||||||||||||||||||
 • extraversion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.96 | 0.67 | 0.151 | 0.91 | 0.67 | 0.144 |
 • sensation seeking |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.12 | 0.50 | 0.022 | 0.38 | 0.51 | 0.069 |
 • conscientiousness |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.42 | 0.38 | −0.103 | − 0.42 | 0.38 | −0.102 |
 • disagreeableness |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.34 | 0.50 | −0.068 | − 0.36 | 0.50 | − 0.072 |
 • reactance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.73 | 0.62 | −0.123 | − 0.80 | 0.64 | − 0.134 |
Step 6: Motivation | ||||||||||||||||||
 • motivation to use learned |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.208 |
 • overall subjective knowledge gain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | −0.16 | 0.38 | −0.061 |
 • safety alternatives |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.12 | 0.38 | 0.045 |
R2 | Â | Â | .043* | Â | Â | .075* | Â | Â | .165**Ç‚ | Â | Â | .195*Ç‚ | Â | Â | .223* | Â | Â | .254* |
ΔR2 |  |  | .043* |  |  | .032 |  |  | .090**ǂ |  |  | .030 |  |  | .028 |  |  | .031 |
F (df) | Â | Â | 3.220 (2144) | Â | Â | 2.288 (5141) | Â | Â | 2.689 (10,136) | Â | Â | 1.966 (16,130) | Â | Â | 1.708 (21,125) | Â | Â | 1.733 (24,122) |