Table 7 Modalities for Remediating Professionalism

Intensified direct supervision

[9, 62, 65,66,67,68, 72, 77, 85, 87, 95, 98, 99, 105, 113, 114, 122, 128, 130, 132, 137, 139, 141,142,143]

Professional coaching to correct personal behaviour

[72, 89, 95, 99, 105, 114, 122, 137, 139, 145]

Role-modelling

[108, 114]

Simulations of clinical scenarios

[9, 61, 62, 67, 74, 78, 87, 88, 98, 99, 125, 130, 138,139,140,141]

Case discussions

[72, 82, 86,87,88, 113, 137, 144]

Clinical tutorials, workshops (Didactic and Educational Activity)

[95, 99, 112, 128, 140, 141, 145]

Lectures

[67]

Counselling

[74, 89, 95, 99, 114, 122]

Clinical embedding such as ward round presentations

[140]

Online courses, assignments, quizzes

[82, 132]

Repeat/increased clinical rotations

[18, 66, 77, 89, 99, 128, 130, 132, 136]

Readings

[65,66,67, 89, 128, 137]

Holistic support (e.g. alcohol addiction rehabilitation, underlying reasons for substandard skills)

[87, 97, 98, 104, 106, 130]