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Table 2 Students’ responses to the items on the professionalism instrument [26]

From: Exploration of changes in pharmacy students’ perceptions of and attitudes towards professionalism: outcome of a community pharmacy experiential learning programme in Taiwan

Item

pre-CPPE

(n = 52)

post-CPPE

(n = 47)

Pre-post differences

 

Mean/Median (SDa)

Mean/Median (SDa)

Mean (SDa)

p valueb

1.

I do not expect anything in return when I help someone.

6.08/7 (2.57)

7.15/7 (2.39)

1.08 (0.50)

0.035

2.

I attend class/clerkship/work daily as required.

8.58/9 (1.74)

9.47/10 (1.04)

0.89 (0.29)

0.002

3.

If I realize that I will be late, I contact the appropriate individual at the earliest possible time to inform them.

9.00/9 (1.46)

9.30/10 (1.23)

0.30 (0.27)

0.277

4.

If I do not follow through with my responsibilities, I readily accept the consequences.

8.08/8 (1.98)

8.26/8 (1.95)

0.18 (0.40)

0.653

5.

I want to exceed the expectations of others.

8.02/8 (2.01)

8.60/9 (1.64)

0.58 (0.37)

0.123

6.

It is important to produce quality work.

9.00/9 (1.16)

9.17/10 (1.26)

0.17 (0.24)

0.484

7.

I complete my assignments independently and without supervision.

7.71/8 (1.66)

7.98/8 (1.62)

0.27 (0.33)

0.421

8.

I follow through with my responsibilities.

8.60/9 (1.32)

9.02/10 (1.36)

0.43 (0.27)

0.118

9.

I am committed to helping others.

8.19/8 (1.81)

8.36/9 (1.96)

0.17 (0.38)

0.655

10.

I would take a job where I felt I was needed and could make a difference even if it paid less than other positions.

6.17/7 (2.45)

6.40/7 (2.83)

0.23 (0.53)

0.662

11.

It is wrong to cheat to achieve higher rewards.

8.77/10 (2.12)

9.23/10 (1.37)

0.47 (0.36)

0.195

12.

I would report a medication error even if no one else was aware of the mistake.

8.06/8 (1.49)

8.30/8 (1.63)

0.24 (0.31)

0.445

13.

I am open to accept constructive criticism.

8.38/8 (1.47)

8.40/8 (1.42)

-0.02 (0.29)

0.946

14.

I treat all patients with the same respect, regardless of perceived social standing or ability to pay.

8.63/9 (1.70)

8.96/9 (1.10)

0.32 (0.29)

0.262

15.

I address others using appropriate names and titles.

8.67/9 (1.45)

8.85/9 (1.22)

0.18 (0.27)

0.512

16.

I am diplomatic when expressing ideas and options.

7.94/8 (1.59)

8.23/8 (1.59)

0.29 (0.32)

0.364

17.

I accept the decisions of those in authority.

7.33/7 (2.12)

8.17/8 (1.51)

0.84 (0.37)

0.026

18.

I am respectful to individuals who have different backgrounds than mine.

8.87/9 (1.59)

8.98/9 (1.38)

0.11 (0.30)

0.706

  1. Altruism is identified by items 1, 9, and 16; Duty by items 2 and 3; Excellence by items 4–8; Honour and integrity by items 10 and 11; Accountability by items 12 and 17; Respect for others by items 13–15, and 18
  2. SD Standard deviation
  3. b The results were examined using independent t tests