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Table 4 The relationship between the online learning experience and reported headaches with screen exposure time

From: The online learning experience and reported headaches associated with screen exposure time among Saudi health sciences students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Variables

Frequency and percentages of Screen time exposure

P-value

Very Low

Low

High

Very High

Headache Category:

    

0.046*

No headache

2 (1.65)

50 (41.32)

55 (45.45)

14 (11.57)

Non-migraine headache

3 (3.90)

58 (37.66)

81 (52.60)

9 (5.84)

•Migraine without aura

0 (0.00)

12 (32.43)

24 (64.86)

1 (2.70)

Migraine with aura

4 (4.88)

7 (17.07)

26 (63.41)

6 (14.63)

Online learning perception (Mean ± SD)

36.60 ± 5.54

37.54 ± 8.11

35.31 ± 7.75

36.33 ± 6.71

0.0996

Preference domain

10.70 ± 2.31

10.63 ± 1.99

10.28 ± 1.75

10.26 ± 1.93

0.3946

Effectiveness domain

10.20 ± 2.39

10.81 ± 3.03

10.19 ± 2.77

10.63 ± 2.37

0.2777

Satisfaction domain

10.70 ± 2.31

10.63 ± 1.99

10.28 ± 1.75

10.27 ± 1.93

0.3946

Online learning

Headache status

P-value

No headache

non-migraine headache

Migraine without aura

Migraine with aura

Online learning perception

37.59 ± 8.04

36.73 ± 7.68

34.51 ± 7.06

31.90 ± 6.47

0.0003**

  1. * chi-square **ANOVA