Table 3 Baseline characteristics of flipped classroom medical students and traditional lecture-based classroom students prospectively selected by propensity score matching (n = 90)
Variable | LB group (n = 45) | FC group (n = 45) | SMD | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n/mean | %/sd | n/mean | %/sd | |||
Age | 23.81 | (1.15) | 23.20 | (3.17) | 0.272 | 0.229 |
Gender | 0.134 | 0.667 | ||||
Male | 26 | (57.8%) | 28 | (62.2%) | ||
Female | 19 | (42.2%) | 17 | (37.8%) | ||
Admission route | 0.146 | 0.223 | ||||
Interview | 24 | (53.3%) | 16 | (35.6%) | ||
Recommendation | 6 | (13.3%) | 7 | (15.6%) | ||
vExamination | 15 | (33.3%) | 22 | (48.9%) | ||
Student Loan | 0.373 | 0.079 | ||||
Yes | 2 | (4.4%) | 7 | (15.6%) | ||
No | 43 | (95.6%) | 38 | (84.4%) | ||
Part-time job | 0.090 | 0.384 | ||||
Yes | 15 | (33.3%) | 19 | (42.2%) | ||
No | 30 | (66.7%) | 26 | (57.8%) | ||
Personalities (Big Five Mini-markers) | ||||||
Extroversion | 45.10 | (10.46) | 42.02 | (11.77) | 0.377 | 0.193 |
Openness | 46.23 | (5.48) | 46.46 | (9.29) | 0.014 | 0.881 |
Neuroticism | 37.67 | (8.22) | 39.53 | (8.42) | 0.126 | 0.290 |
Conscientiousness | 49.60 | (6.31) | 49.66 | (7.81) | 0.073 | 0.965 |
Agreeableness | 54.51 | (6.89) | 53.58 | (7.07) | 0.228 | 0.527 |
Past academic performance | 4.67 | (0.58) | 4.83 | (0.78) | 0.412 | 0.266 |
Pre-course test score in the EBM class | 6.52 | (1.65) | 7.31 | (1.41) | 0.828 | 0.017 |