Pre-medical students’ perceptions of educational environment and their subjective happiness: a comparative study before and after the COVID-19 pandemic

Table 4 Multiple regression analysis

	Dependent Variable	Independent Variables	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t	p-value	Adj R2
Group	SH		B	Standard error	β
2019			2.893	2.75		1.052	0.294	0.248(6.473)
		Gender	0.268	0.299	0.065	0.895	0.372
		Grade	−0.119	0.29	−0.032	−0.411	0.682
		GPA	−0.086	0.114	−0.059	− 0.753	0.453
		Age	−0.078	0.126	−0.049	−0.623	0.534
		PI	0.251	0.076	0.241	3.313	0.001
		SPL	−0.253	0.436	−0.075	−0.58	0.563
		SPT	0.164	0.327	0.048	0.5	0.618
		SASP	0.547	0.323	0.161	1.693	0.092
		SPA	0.18	0.407	0.046	0.443	0.659
		SSSP	1.416	0.411	0.318	3.446	0.001
2020			2.913	1.607		1.812	0.071	0.216(6.728)
		Gender	0.103	0.285	0.023	0.362	0.718
		Grade	−0.113	0.267	−0.031	−0.423	0.673
		GPA	−0.064	0.106	−0.042	− 0.603	0.547
		Age	0.007	0.062	0.007	0.109	0.913
		PI	−0.002	0.071	−0.002	− 0.025	0.98
		SPL	−0.998	0.368	−0.334	−2.709	0.007
		SPT	0.137	0.276	0.044	0.498	0.619
		SASP	0.33	0.319	0.105	1.034	0.302
		SPA	1.154	0.402	0.363	2.87	0.005
		SSSP	1.063	0.302	0.335	3.524	0.001

SH Subjective Happiness, PI Professional Identity, GPA grade point average, SPL Students’ Perception of Learning, SPT Students’ Perception of Teaching, SASP Students’ Academic Self-Perceptions, SPA Students’ Perceptions of Atmosphere, SSSP Students’ Social Self-Perceptions

ISSN: 1472-6920