Contribution of a positive psychology-based conceptual framework in reducing physician burnout and improving well-being: a systematic review

Table 1 Characteristics of Included Studies Aimed at Improving Physician Well-being

Authors	`Country	Study Design	Number of Participants	Study Participants	Medical Specialty	Risk of Bias	Quality Grade
Ali et al., [50]	USA	Cluster RCT	45	Attending	Critical care	Low	A
Amutio et al., [56]	Spain	RCT & Quasi-experimental	42	Physician	Primary care	Low	A
Asuero et al., [57]	Spain	RCT	68	Health care professional including physicians	Primary care	Low	A
Axisa, et al., [62]	Australia	RCT	46	Resident	Pediatrics	Low	A
Bragard, et al., [68]	Belgium	RCT	96	Resident	Oncology	Low	A
Dyrbye, et al., [67]		RCT	290	Attending	Multiple	Low	A
Garland, et al., [49]	Canada	RCT	24	Attending	Critical care	Low	A
Gunasingam, et al., [61]	Australia	RCT	31	Resident	–	Low	A
Holt & Del Mar [88]	Australia	RCT	233	Attending	Primary care	Low	A
Linzer, et al., [52]	USA	Cluster RCT	166	Attending	Primary care	Low	A
Lucas, et al., [53]	USA	Cluster RCT	62	Attending	Internal medicine	Low	A
Margalit, et al., [63]	Israel	RCT	102	Attending	Primary care	Low	A
Martins, et al., [65]	Argentina	RCT	74	Resident	Pediatrics	Low	A
Milstein, et al., [66]	USA	RCT	15	Attending	Pediatrics	Low	A
Montero-Marin, et al., [58]	Spain	Pre-Post quasi-experimental	290	Attending	Primary care	Low	A
Parshuram, et al., [55]	Canada	Cluster RCT	49	Resident	Multiple	Moderate	C
Ripp, et al., [51]	USA	Retrospective cohort	239	Resident	Internal medicine	Moderate	B
Shea, et al., [54]	USA	RCT	106	Resident	Internal medicine	Low	A
Verweij, et al., [59]	Netherlands	Controlled before-&-after	50	Attending	Primary care	Moderate	B
Weight, et al., [64]	USA	Controlled before-&-after	628	Resident, fellow	Multiple	Moderate	B
West, et al., [60]	USA	RCT	74	Attending	Multiple	Low	A

ISSN: 1472-6920