Table 2 The participants’ approaches to studying and perceptions of the learning environment
Variables | All n = 174 | Men n = 33 | Women n = 141 | p | d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study approach scales | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | ||
Deep approach score | 56.5 (8.7) | 58.5 (11.7) | 56.1 (7.8) | 0.16 | 0.24 |
Strategic approach score | 72.2 (10.3) | 68.5 (9.2) | 73.0 (10.4) | < 0.05 | -0.46 |
Surface approach score | 47.5 (9.2) | 45.9 (10.0) | 47.8 (9.0) | 0.28 | -0.20 |
The learning environment | |||||
Clear goals and standards | 16.6 (3.9) | 16.7 (3.9) | 16.5 (3.9) | 0.84 | 0.05 |
Student autonomy | 18.6 (4.0) | 18.2 (4.4) | 18.7 (3.9) | 0.58 | -0.12 |
Good teaching | 27.3 (6.1) | 26.2 (5.3) | 27.6 (6.3) | 0.27 | -0.24 |
Appropriate workload | 15.2 (3.7) | 15.4 (3.5) | 15.1 (3.7) | 0.61 | 0.08 |