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Table 1 Changes in the ability to manipulate the da Vinci robot through simulator training

From: Improvement of three-dimensional motion sickness using a virtual reality simulator for robot-assisted surgery in undergraduate medical students: A prospective observational study

 

Total (n = 30)

Trained group

(n = 15)

Non-trained group

(n = 15)

p

Age, mean ± SD

(years)

22.6 ± 1.56

22.4 ± 1.35

22.8 ± 1.76

0.424

Sex

(Male / Female)

21 / 9

9 / 6

12 / 3

0.223

VR game experience

(Yes / No)

24 / 6

12 / 3

12 / 3

1.000

Time to complete skill drill

    

Pre-training

(sec ± SD)

-

293.9 ± 72.4

350.5 ± 125.3

0.142

Post-training

(sec ± SD)

-

143.6 ± 18.4

257.1 ± 70.0

< 0.001

p

 

< 0.001

0.003

 

SD, standard deviation