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Table 6 Emotional impairment of teachers (10 items derived from the BDI-II) referring to the confinement period (n = 97)

From: Distance education during COVID 19: an Italian survey on the university teachers’ perspectives and their emotional conditions

Sadness

N (%)

0. I did not feel sad

70 (72.2)

1. I felt sad

23 (23.7)

2. I was sad all the time and I couldn’t snap out of it

1 (1)

3. I was so sad or unhappy that I couldn’t stand it

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Pessimism

0. I was not particularly discouraged about the future

65 (67)

1. I felt discouraged about the future

29 (29.9)

2. I felt I had nothing to look forward to

0

3. I felt the future was hopeless and that things could not improve

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Loss of pleasure

0. I got as much satisfaction out of things as I used to

71 (73.2)

1. I didn’t enjoy things the way I used to

5 (5.2)

2. I didn’t get real satisfaction out of anything anymore

5 (5.2)

3. I was dissatisfied or bored with everything

13 (13.4)

Missing

3 (3.1)

Loss of interest

0. I didn’t lose interest in other people or activities

86 (88.7)

1. I was less interested in other people or things than before

6 (6.2)

2. I lost most of my interest in other people or things

1 (1)

3. It was hard to get interested in anything

1 (1)

Missing

3 (3.1)

Loss of energy

0. I had as much energy as ever

68 (70.1)

1. I had less energy than I used to have

25 (25.8)

2. I didn’t have enough energy to do very much

1 (1)

3. I didn’t have enough energy to do anything

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Changes in sleeping pattern

0. I did not experience any change in my sleeping pattern

43 (44.3)

1.a I slept somewhat more than usual

22 (22.7)

1.b I slept somewhat less than usual

20 (20.6)

2.a I slept a lot more than usual

2 (2.1)

2.b I slept a lot less than usual

3 (3.1)

3.a I slept most of the day

0

3.b I woke up 1–2 h early and I couldn’t get back to sleep

4 (4.1)

Missing

3 (3.1)

Irritability

0. I was not more irritable than usual

70 (72.1)

1. I was more irritable than usual

21 (21.6)

2. I was much more irritable than usual

3 (3.1)

3. I was irritable all the time

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Changes in appetite

0. I did not experience any change in my appetite

66 (68)

1.a My appetite was somewhat less than usual

5 (5.1)

1.b My appetite was somewhat greater than usual

23 (23.5)

2.a My appetite was much less than usual

0

2.b My appetite was much greater than usual

0

3.a I had no appetite at all

0

3.b I craved food all the time

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Concentration difficulty

0. I could concentrate as well as ever

75 (77.3)

1. I couldn’t concentrate as well as usual

16 (16.5)

2. It was hard to keep my mind on anything for very long

3 (3.1)

3. I found I couldn’t concentrate on anything

0

Missing

3 (3.1)

Tiredness or fatigue

0. I was no more tired or fatigued than usual

60 (61.9)

1. I got tired or fatigued more easily than usual

31 (32)

2. I was too tired or fatigued to do a lot of the things I used to do

3 (3.1)

3. I was too tired or fatigued to do most of the things I used to do

0

Missing

3 (3.1)