Skip to main content

Table 2 Validate psychological outcome measures that were used

From: Feasibility, acceptability and effect of the Mindful Practice curriculum in postgraduate training of general practitioners

Outcome measure

Assessed attribute

Scoring

Interpretation

The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory [18]

Burnout

Two components: emotional exhaustion and disengagement. Mean scores of each component are calculated (and reverse scoring applied when necessary).

Cut off scores of ≥2.25 for exhaustion and a score ≥ 2.10 for disengagement were used to predict problematic burnout [30], and burnout was indicated if both scores were above the given values.

Smith’s Brief Resilience Scale [6]

Resilience

Smith’s Brief Resilience scale consists of 6 items, 3 of which are reverse scored. The overall score is average of the six items. 

1.0–2.99 indicate low resilience, 3.0–4.30 normal resilience and 4.31 to 5 high resilience

Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) [19]

Mindfulness

10 items, with 6 being reversed scored. 4 response categories, from “Rarely/not at all” to “Sometimes” to “Often” to “Almost always”

The higher the score the higher mindful qualities.

Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale [20]

Stress

10 items, with 5 responses from “Never” to “Almost never” to “Sometimes” to “Fairly often” to “Very often”, 4 reverse scoring

The higher the score, the more stress an individual is experiencing. Mean score for male is 12.1 and for female 13.7

Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWS) [21]

Measure of mental well-being

14 items with 5 response categories, from “None of the time” to “All of the time”. Items are scored on a range from 1 to 5, providing a total score between 14 and 70.

WEMWBS score of less than 40 could indicate high risk of major depression and scores between 41 and 45 could be considered in high risk of psychological distress and increased risk of depression.