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Table 2 Average Within-Subject Change in Participants’ Self-Rated Scores Between Pre- and Post-Intervention Timepoints

From: Culinary nutrition course equips future physicians to educate patients on a healthy diet: an interventional pilot study

 

Time 1 âž” Time 2

Time 1 âž” Time 3

n

Estimate

95% CI

Estimate

95% CI

Attitudes About Counseling Patients

 I am [x] to effectively counsel patients on how to practice a healthy lifestyle

  Motivated

0.8

(−0.5, 2.1)

0.1

(−1.2, 1.4)

30

  Excited

0.7

(−0.4, 1.8)

0.63

(−0.5, 1.8)

29

  Prepared

2.8***

(1.6, 4.0)

2.2**

(1.0, 3.4)

30

 I have the [x] knowledge necessary to effectively counsel patients on how to practice a healthy lifestyle.

  Medical

1.9**

(0.7, 3.1)

1.2

(−0.003, 2.4)

30

  Nutritional

1.8***

(1.0, 2.6)

1.3**

(0.5, 2.1)

30

  Culinary

3.0***

(1.8, 4.2)

2.6***

(1.4, 3.8)

30

Objective Culinary Knowledgea

 Total scoreb

3.6***

(2.4, 4.9)

1.6*

(0.4, 2.9)

29

Attitudes about Own Lifestyle

 I have the [x] necessary to practice a healthy lifestyle

  Motivation

0.8

(−0.2, 1.8)

0.2

(−0.8, 1.2)

30

  Medical knowledge

1.1*

(0.2, 2.0)

0.4

(−0.5, 1.3)

30

  Nutritional knowledge

1.3*

(0.2, 2.4)

1.3*

(0.2, 2.4)

30

  Culinary theory/knowledge

2.7***

(1.6, 3.8)

2.2**

(1.1, 3.3)

30

  Culinary technique/skills

3.1***

(1.9, 4.3)

3.0***

(1.8, 4.2)

30

 I can use culinary knowledge and skills to positively impact my [x].

  Health

0.3

(−0.9, 1.5)

0.2

(−1.0, 1.4)

29

  Wellness

0.1

(−1.0, 1.2)

0.2

(−0.9, 1.3)

30

Self-Reported Behaviors

 Estimated number of times per week you eat the following types of meals

  Restaurants

−0.3

(−1.1, 0.5)

− 0.3

(− 1.1, 0.5)

30

  Pre-prepared

−0.2

(−1.6, 1.3)

−1.3

(−2.7, 0.1)

29

  Homemadeb

−0.2

(−3.1, 2.7)

3.1*

(0.2, 6.0)

30

  Percent of meals homemade

4.1

(−7.5, 15.7)

13.7*

(2.1, 25.3)

30

  1. n the number of person-time observations in each model, CI Confidence interval
  2. *P < .05 **P < .01 ***P < .001
  3. Estimates and confidence intervals obtained from linear regression models with individual fixed effects
  4. aObjective culinary knowledge is the total score from a 10-question multiple choice assessment, with 1 point given to each correct answer
  5. bFor these variables (total score, homemade), there was a significant within-subject change between time 2 and time 3 at the P < .05 level. For all other variables, there was no significant within-subject change between time 2 and time 3