Table 3 Comparison of male and female dental student scores on the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS)
Instrument | Item group | n | Md | SDe | t-value | Degree of freedom | p-value | Mean difference | 95% confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||||||||
PPOSa | Sharing | Male = 177 | 3.72 | 0.54 | −2.38 | 310 | 0.02 | −0.15 | −0.26 | − 0.03 |
Female = 135 | 3.86 | 0.52 | ||||||||
Caring | Male = 177 | 4.38 | 0.56 | −0.99 | 310 | 0.32 | − 0.06 | − 0.18 | 0.06 | |
Female = 135 | 4.44 | 0.46 | ||||||||
Total | Male = 177 | 4.05 | 0.48 | −1.99 | 310 | 0.04 | −0.1 | −0.2 | 0 | |
Female = 135 | 4.15 | 0.4 | ||||||||
IRIb | Fantasy | Male = 177 | 3.47 | 0.65 | −1.65 | 310 | 0.1 | −0.12 | − 0.26 | 0.02 |
Female = 135 | 3.59 | 0.59 | ||||||||
Empathic concern | Male = 177 | 3.63 | 0.56 | −1.19 | 310 | 0.24 | −0.07 | − 0.19 | 0.05 | |
Female = 135 | 3.7 | 0.46 | ||||||||
Perspective taking | Male = 177 | 3.72 | 0.53 | 1.13 | 310 | 0.26 | 0.06 | −0.05 | 0.18 | |
Female = 135 | 3.65 | 0.45 | ||||||||
Personal distress | Male = 177 | 2.88 | 0.52 | −2.85 | 310 | 0 | −0.17 | −0.28 | −0.05 | |
Female = 135 | 3.05 | 0.49 | ||||||||
CSASc | Positive | Male = 177 | 53.86 | 6.38 | −0.92 | 289.63 | 0.36 | −0.67 | −2.1 | 0.76 |
Female = 135 | 54.53 | 6.33 | ||||||||
Negative | Male = 177 | 32.94 | 6.12 | 1 | 296.61 | 0.31 | 0.68 | −0.65 | 2.01 | |
Female = 135 | 32.26 | 5.76 | ||||||||