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Table 2 A comparison of PBL performance between the two groups

From: A comparative study regarding distance learning and the conventional face-to-face approach conducted problem-based learning tutorial during the COVID-19 pandemic

Total scorea

 

FF group

DL group

  
 

N = 245

N = 245

bp

cEffect size

Participation (0–10)

7.9 ± 1.0

7.5 ± 1.0

< 0.001

0.40

Communication (0–10)

7.8 ± 0.9

7.6 ± 1.0

0.002

0.21

Preparation (0–10)

7.8 ± 0.9

7.5 ± 1.0

< 0.001

0.32

Critical thinking (0–10)

7.8 ± 0.9

7.5 ± 0.9

0.001

0.33

Group Skills (0–10)

7.8 ± 0.9

7.4 ± 1.0

< 0.001

0.42

Total score (0–50)

39.0 ± 4.4

37.5 ± 4.6

< 0.001

0.33

  1. The number inside the parenthesis indicated the range of score, with zero being the lowest
  2. FF Face-to-face
  3. DL Distance learning
  4. amean ± standard deviation
  5. bcomparison by independent sample T -test
  6. cCohen’s d was used to represent the effect size