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Table 2 The acquisition of competence in the self-assessment before and after the course based on a Likert Scale of 1–5 (1 = very competent, 5 = not competent). Averages of values on Likert scale (± Standard deviation)

From: Improving competence and safety in pain medicine: a practical clinical teaching strategy for students combining simulation and bedside teaching

 

before the course

after the course

p-Value

To overtake responsibility

2.8

1.8

p < 0.05

Expert knowledge of pain medicine

3.2

2.0

p < 0.05

Empathy

1.8

1.4

p < 0.05

Relationship building with other people

1.9

1.6

p < 0.05

Communication with patients

2.1

1.5

p < 0.05