Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of participants (n = 732)
Variable | n (%) | In the classroom | In the clinical practice | Broader aspects of patient safety | Comfort in speaking up about patient safety. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total scores | t /F value | Total scores | t /F value | Total scores | t /F value | Total scores | t /F value | ||
Gender | |||||||||
Male | 60(8.20) | 78.62 ± 12.69 | −0.34 | 78.42 ± 14.08 | −0.07 | 26.52 ± 4.97 | −0.10 | 17.58 ± 3.50 | 0.11 |
Female | 672(91.80) | 79.11 ± 10.43 | 78.52 ± 10.44 | 26.57 ± 4.33 | 17.54 ± 3.09 | ||||
The only-child | |||||||||
Yes | 143(19.60) | 81.75 ± 10.63 | 3.39* | 81.47 ± 11.36 | 3.70* | 27.50 ± 4.57 | 2.73* | 17.84 ± 3.12 | 1.28 |
No | 589(80.40) | 78.41 ± 10.53 | 77.79 ± 10.52 | 26.34 ± 4.31 | 17.47 ± 3.12 | ||||
Prior experience of patient safety education | |||||||||
Yes | 583(79.70) | 80.14 ± 10.25 | 5.52* | 79.50 ± 10.41 | 4.99* | 26.95 ± 4.17 | 4.76* | 17.54 ± 3.18 | −0.03 |
No | 149(20.30) | 74.85 ± 11.07 | 74.62 ± 11.33 | 25.06 ± 4.87 | 17.55 ± 2.92 | ||||
The safety learning methods | |||||||||
Self-study | |||||||||
No | 561(76.60) | 78.23 ± 10.67 | −3.90* | 77.76 ± 10.85 | −3.43* | 26.24 ± 4.34 | −3.75* | 17.39 ± 3.02 | −2.32* |
Yes | 171(23.40) | 81.81 ± 10.04 | 80.96 ± 10.20 | 27.66 ± 4.37 | 18.02 ± 3.42 | ||||
Theoretical study in Classroom | |||||||||
Yes | 526(71.90) | 76.24 ± 10.55 | −4.55* | 75.76 ± 10.83 | −4.36* | 25.40 ± 4.82 | −4.24* | 17.45 ± 3.13 | −.465 |
No | 206(28.10) | 80.17 ± 10.46 | 79.58 ± 10.57 | 27.02 ± 4.12 | 17.57 ± 3.12 | ||||
Clinical training | |||||||||
Yes | 470(64.20) | 77.12 ± 10.83 | −3.72* | 76.88 ± 11.13 | −3.06* | 25.74 ± 4.84 | −3.85* | 17.36 ± 3.09 | −1.13 |
No | 262(35.80) | 80.15 ± 10.37 | 79.41 ± 10.48 | 27.03 ± 4.04 | 17.64 ± 3.14 | ||||
Experience of adverse events | |||||||||
Yes | 156(21.30) | 76.90 ± 10.96 | −2.95* | 76.52 ± 11.12 | −2.68* | 25.75 ± 4.23 | −2.88* | 17.55 ± 2.81 | −0.15 |
No | 576(78.70) | 79.72 ± 10.38 | 79.11 ± 10.55 | 26.85 ± 4.25 | 17.59 ± 3.12 | ||||
Disclosing behavior | |||||||||
Yes | 690(94.30) | 79.64 ± 10.48 | 2.12* | 79.06 ± 10.66 | 1.64 | 26.90 ± 4.10 | 1.25 | 17.65 ± 3.02 | −0.39 |
No | 42(5.60) | 75.74 ± 12.24 | 75.98 ± 12.41 | 25.74 ± 5.40 | 17.86 ± 3.19 | ||||
Self-assessment patient safety competence | |||||||||
Very well | 66(9.00) | 81.71 ± 13.32 | 14.96* | 81.60 ± 13.60 | 13.20* | 27.95 ± 5.61 | 8.43* | 18.31 ± 3.84 | 1.13 |
Well | 293(40.00) | 81.96 ± 10.23 | 81.26 ± 10.49 | 27.51 ± 4.43 | 17.49 ± 3.54 | ||||
moderate | 348(47.50) | 76.77 ± 9.21 | 76.22 ± 9.56 | 25.64 ± 3.71 | 17.41 ± 2.61 | ||||
Poor | 21(2.90) | 73.10 ± 11.48 | 72.71 ± 8.91 | 25.24 ± 4.39 | 17.86 ± 2.29 | ||||
Very poor | 4(0.50) | 55.50 ± 16.34 | 58.25 ± 12.82 | 23.00 ± 11.05 | 18.25 ± 2.36 | ||||
Regions | |||||||||
Fujian | 161(22.00) | 76.03 ± 10.89 | 5.80* | 75.33 ± 11.14 | 7.25* | 24.61 ± 4.96 | 11.96* | 16.60 ± 3.02 | 3.96* |
Guangxi | 76(10.40) | 76.84 ± 9.01 | 74.93 ± 8.71 | 25.26 ± 3.39 | 17.49 ± 2.79 | ||||
Guizhou | 89(12.20) | 78.66 ± 9.29 | 78.20 ± 9.72 | 26.98 ± 3.99 | 18.01 ± 3.27 | ||||
Heilongjian | 125(17.10) | 82.02 ± 11.29 | 82.06 ± 11.07 | 28.26 ± 4.32 | 18.07 ± 3.32 | ||||
Hunan | 114(15.60) | 80.57 ± 9.23 | 80.30 ± 9.11 | 27.04 ± 3.39 | 17.79 ± 2.51 | ||||
Shanxi | 106(14.50) | 78.80 ± 9.41 | 78.93 ± 10.10 | 26.87 ± 3.96 | 17.39 ± 2.82 | ||||
Xinjiang | 61(8.40) | 82.14 ± 13.86 | 80.51 ± 13.59 | 27.95 ± 4.70 | 18.12 ± 4.13 | ||||