Table 3 Changes in perception regarding the impact of the on-call systems on three dimensions (N = 42)

 Promotes general wellness

4.19 (0.60)

2.37 (1.01)

11.32

< 0.001

 Increases exposure to personal harm

4.27 (0.8)

2.39 (1.07)

10.17

< 0.001

 Causes conflicting role demands

2.74 (0.59)

3.71 (0.77)

5.63

< 0.001

 Promotes healthy relationships

2.19 (0.76)

3.79 (0.99)

7.4

< 0.001

 Causes feelings of isolation

4.17 (0.85)

2.60 (1.33)

6.57

< 0.001

 Increases potential for error

3.61 (0.67)

2.27 (0.79)

7.8

< 0.001

 Promotes clinical skills expertise

2.98 (0.75)

4.01 (0.61)

6.6

< 0.001

 Promotes continuity of patient care

3.57 (0.89)

4.12 (0.83)

3.41

< 0.001

 Causes expenditure of emotional labor

3.39 (0.74)

3.94 (0.61)

4.14

< 0.001

 Promotes work efficiency

2.93 (1.01)

4.1 (0.75)

6.19

< 0.001

 Promotes successful teaching

2.69 (0.82)

3.82 (0.85)

5.56

< 0.001

 Promotes medical skills proficiency

3.37 (0.75)

3.92 (0.71)

3.16

0.003

 Promotes successful learning

3.23 (0.83)

4.01 (0.79)

4.34

< 0.001

 Promotes staff physician supervision

2.67 (0.80)

3.37 (0.92)

4.38

< 0.001

 Causes disruptions in rotations

4.10 (0.75)

2.40 (0.98)

7.36

< 0.001