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Table 1 Calgary-Cambridge guide scores for the student role play and actor simulated patient groups. Adapted from Kurtz SM, 1998 and Silverman JD, 1998 [30, 31]

From: Simulated patient and role play methodologies for communication skills and empathy training of undergraduate medical students

CCG main tasks and descriptors

SRP group (n = 10) Mean ± SD

ASP group (n = 10) Mean ± SD

p (Mann Whitney U test)

Effect size d

Power

(1-β err prob)

Initiating the session

7.80 ± 1.23

8.23 ± 0.97

0.16

0.38

0.12

 Preparing the session

2.13 ± 0.81

2.43 ± 0.72

0.14

0.39

0.13

 Establishing initial rapport

2.83 ± 0.37

2.86 ± 0.34

0.72

0.08

0.05

 Identifying the reasons for the consultation

2.83 ± 0.46

2.93 ± 0.25

0.38

0.27

0.09

Gathering information - exploration of the patient’s problems to discover the:

7.36 ± 1.45

8.46 ± 0.73

0.0008

0.95

0.53

 biomedical perspective

2.36 ± 0.76

2.83 ± 0.37

0.007

0.79

0.38

 the patient’s perspective

2.73 ± 0.44

2.80 ± 0.40

0.55

0.17

0.06

 background information - context

2.26 ± 0.69

2.83 ± 0.37

0.0004

1.02

0.59

Explanation and planning

10.67 ± 1.56

10.07 ± 2.22

0.43

0.31

0.1

 Providing the correct amount and type of information

2.53 ± 0.57

2.30 ± 0.70

0.2

0.36

0.12

 Aiding accurate recall and understanding

2.76 ± 0.50

2.46 ± 0.68

0.05

0.50

0.19

 Achievieng a shared understanding: incorporating the patient’s illness framework

2.73 ± 0.52

2.60 ± 0.62

0.38

0.23

0.19

 Planning: shared decision making

2.63 ± 0.61

2.70 ± 0.53

0.73

0.12

0.06

Building the relationship

8.10 ± 1.15

7.66 ± 1.18

0.11

0.37

0.12

 Using appropriate non-verbal behaviour

2.73 ± 0.52

2.53 ± 0.62

0.17

0.34

0.11

 Developping rapport

2.7 ± 0.53

2.53 ± 0.50

0.14

0.33

0.11

 Involving the patient

2.66 ± 0.60

2.60 ± 0.56

0.49

0.10

0.05

Providing structure

5.33 ± 1.09

5.63 ± 0.66

0.28

0.33

0.11

 Making organisation overt

2.66 ± 0.60

2.76 ± 0.50

0.52

0.18

0.06

 Attending to flow

2.66 ± 0.60

2.86 ± 0.34

0.17

0.41

0.14

Closing the session

5.13 ± 1.19

5.40 ± 1.07

0.26

0.23

0.08

 Forward planning

2.46 ± 0.68

2.80 ± 0.48

0.02

0.58

0.23

 Ensuring appropriate point of closure

2.66 ± 0.66

2.60 ± 0.72

0.74

0.37

0.12

  1. Abbreviations: CCG Calgary-Cambridge guide, SRP student role play, ASP actor simulated patient, SD standard deviation
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