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Table 3 Multilevel models for individual and country-level factors affecting dental academics knowledge of COVID-19

From: Knowledge of dental academics about the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-country online survey

Factors

Unconditional modela

Full modelb

B (95% CI)

Individual factors

  

Age

25–35 versus > 65

–

0.28 (−0.47, 1.02)

> 35–45 versus > 65

0.15 (−0.60, 0.90)

> 45–55 versus > 65

−0.21 (− 0.98, 0.56)

> 55–65 versus > 65

− 0.39 (−1.18, 0.41)

Living arrange

With parents versus alone

0.02 (− 0.52, 0.57)

With partner/ spouse versus alone

0.48 (0.03, 0.92)*

Shared accommodation versus alone

0.12 (−0.69, 0.94)

Other verses alone

−0.25 (− 0.99, 0.49)

Specialty

Specialist versus non-specialist

0.34 (−0.06, 0.75)

Highest degree obtained

PhD versus BDS

0.48 (0.07, 0.89)*

MSc versus BDS

0.29 (−0.12, 0.70)

Number of students per semester

1–49 versus none

0.52 (−0.14, 1.18)

50–100 versus none

0.38 (−0.27, 1.04)

101–200 versus none

0.16 (−0.46, 0.78)

201+ versus none

0.50 (−0.13, 1.12)

Number of patients seen daily

1–10 versus none

0.55 (−0.06, 1.17)

11–20 versus none

−0.04 (− 0.69, 0.61)

21–30 versus none

0.65 (0.15, 1.16)*

31+ versus none

0.22 (−0.25, 0.68)

Country factor

 

COVID-19 cases per million

0.0007 (0.0005, 0.0008)*

Residual

15.17

9.78

Deviance

15,670.16

10,488.18

P of X2 of improved fit

–

< 0.0001*

Increase in R2

–

35.5%

  1. a: Unconditional model: no explanatory factors included- country included as a random effect
  2. b: Full model: individual and country factors included with mutual adjustment- country included as a random effect
  3. Abbreviations: B Adjusted regression estimates, CI Confidence interval