Gender | (M, SD) | U | p value | Year | (M-SD) | U | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Problem solving | Female | 15.22 ± 3.42 | 1828.50 | .208 | 2nd | 15.33 ± 3.49 | 4192.50 | .287 |
Male | 14.23 ± 3.50 | 3rd | 14.83 ± 3.39 | |||||
Self-criticism | Female | 6.59 ± 4.61 | 2051.00 | .684 | 2nd | 5.98 ± 4.35 | 3952–50 | .091 |
Male | 6.27 ± 4.30 | 3rd | 7.16 ± 4.74 | |||||
Expression of emotion | Female | 10.23 ± 4.34 | 1432.01 | .006** | 2nd | 10.14 ± 4.28 | 4390.00 | .584 |
Male | 7.61 ± 3.98 | 3rd | 9.60 ± 4.48 | |||||
Wishful thinking | Female | 9.59 ± 5.25 | 1911.00 | .348 | 2nd | 8.62 ± 5.28 | 3610.50 | .010* |
Male | 8.58 ± 4.51 | 3rd | 10.36 ± 4.90 | |||||
Social support | Female | 14.14 ± 4.65 | 1594.00 | .032* | 2nd | 14.01 ± 4.65 | 4465.00 | .725 |
Male | 12.38 ± 4.15 | 3rd | 13.78 ± 4.60 | |||||
Cognitive restructuring | Female | 12.68 ± 3.87 | 1703.50 | .083 | 2nd | 12.51 ± 3.83 | 4543.50 | .883 |
Male | 11.42 ± 3.07 | 3rd | 12.51 ± 3.76 | |||||
Problem avoidance | Female | 7.47 ± 1.56 | 1647.00 | .048* | 2nd | 7.47 ± 1.71 | 4270.00 | .382 |
Male | 6.69 ± 1.89 | 3rd | 7.25 ± 1.52 | |||||
Social withdrawal | Female | 6.27 ± 3.66 | 2135.50 | .932 | 2nd | 5.50 ± 3.30 | 3509.00 | .004* |
Male | 6.34 ± 4.03 | 3rd | 7.13 ± 3.94 |