From: Pharmacy students’ attitudes toward patient safety in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Key Safety Factor Items | Strongly Disagree N (%) | Disagree N (%) | Undecided N (%) | Agree N (%) | Strongly Agree N (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Patient safety training received | |||||
1. My training is preparing me to understand the causes of medical errors | 27 (7.8) | 46 (13.2) | 45 (13.0) | 98 (28.2) | 94 (27.1) |
2. I have a good understanding of patient safety issues as a result of my undergraduate medical training. | 9 (2.6) | 72 (20.7) | 59 (17.0) | 103 (29.7) | 65 (18.7) |
3. My training is preparing me to prevent medical errors | 11 (3.2) | 56 (16.1) | 49 (14.1) | 81 (23.3) | 111 (32.0) |
2. Error reporting confidence | |||||
4. I would feel comfortable reporting any errors I had made, no matter how serious the outcome had been for the patient. | 15 (4.3) | 49 (14.1) | 51 (14.7) | 93 (26.8) | 102 (29.4) |
5. I would feel comfortable reporting any errors other people had made, no matter how serious the outcome had been for the patient. | 11 (3.2) | 38 (11.0) | 73 (21.0) | 97 (28.0) | 92 (26.5) |
6. I am confident I could talk openly to my supervisor about an error I had made if it had resulted in potential or actual harm to my patient | 7 (2.0) | 38 (11.0) | 46 (13.3) | 102 (29.4) | 119 (34.3) |
3. Working hours as error cause | |||||
7. Shorter shifts for doctors will reduce medical errors | 12 (3.5) | 70 (20.2) | 57 (16.4) | 73 (21.0) | 100 (28.8) |
8. By not taking regular breaks during shifts doctors are at an increased risk of making errors | 7 (2.0) | 46 (13.3) | 44 (12.7) | 86 (24.8) | 128 (36.9) |
9. The number of hours doctors work increases the likelihood of making medical errors | 7 (2.0) | 44 (12.7) | 58 (16.7) | 78 (22.5) | 123 (35.4) |
4. Error inevitability | |||||
10. Even the most experienced and competent doctors make errors. | 8 (2.3) | 42 (12.2) | 42 (12.1) | 81 (23.3) | 138 (39.8) |
11. A true professional does not make mistakes or errors | 105 (30.3) | 110 (31.7) | 43 (12.4) | 36 (10.4) | 16 (4.6) |
12. Human error is inevitable | 41 (11.8) | 79 (22.8) | 73 (21.0) | 54 (15.6) | 60 (17.3) |
5. Professional incompetence as error cause | |||||
13. If people paid more attention at work, medical errors would be avoided | 10 (2.9) | 37 (10.7) | 41 (11.8) | 106 (30.5) | 117 (3.7) |
14. Most medical errors result from careless doctors | 18 (5.2) | 78 (22.5) | 65 (18.7) | 85 (24.5) | 64 (18.4) |
15. Medical errors are a sign of incompetence | 12 (3.5) | 65 (18.7) | 91 (26.2) | 84 (24.2) | 55 (15.9) |
6. Disclosure responsibility | |||||
16. It is not necessary to report errors which do not result in adverse outcomes for the patient | 97 (28.0) | 81 (23.4) | 51 (14.7) | 42 (12.1) | 37 (10.7) |
17. Doctors have a responsibility to disclose errors to patients only if they result in patient harm | 50 (14.4) | 84 (24.6) | 58 (16.7) | 60 (17.3) | 56 (16.1) |
18. All medical errors should be reported | 10 (2.9) | 21 (8.9) | 40 (11.5) | 59 (17.0) | 165 (47.6) |
7. Team functioning | |||||
19. Better multi-disciplinary teamwork will reduce medical errors | 5 (1.4) | 28 (8.4) | 38 (11.0) | 82 (23.6) | 155 (44.7) |
20. Teaching teamwork skills will reduce medical errors | 5 (1.4) | 26 (7.5) | 40 (11.5) | 71 (20.5) | 166 (47.8) |
8. Patient involvement in reducing error | |||||
21. Patients have an important role in preventing medical errors | 10 (2.9) | 51 (14.7) | 64 (18.4) | 103 (29.7) | 82 (23.6) |
22. Encouraging patients to be more involved in their care can help to reduce the risk of medical errors occurring. | 8 (2.3) | 33 (9.5) | 44 (12.7) | 98 (28.2) | 125 (36.0) |
9. Importance of patient safety in the curriculum | |||||
23. Teaching students about patient safety should be an important priority in medical students training | 17 (4.9) | 34 (9.8) | 28 (8.1) | 59 (17.0) | 169 (48.7) |
24. Patient safety issues cannot be taught and can only be learned by clinical experience when qualified | 31 (8.9) | 94 (27.1) | 59 (17.0) | 59 (17.0) | 64 (18.4) |
26. Learning about patient safety issues before I qualify will enable me to become a more effective doctor | 18 (5.2) | 35 (10.6) | 31 (8.9) | 69 (19.9) | 154 (44.4) |