Table 4 Information on Mental Practice activities
Review Citation | MP Focus | Evidence of Change Tools | Learning Activities | Duration/Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Shuster et al.* 2011 [40] | Cognitive and motor task related activities for surgeons | Pre post tests | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Surgical cystoscopy | 30–50 min |
Cocks et al. 2014 [38] | Cognitive and motor task related activities for surgeons. Stress management | GRS GSOP OSCE OSATS OTAS | Basic suturing Surgical cystoscopy Cricothyrotomy Laparoscopic cholecystectomy* Carotid endarterectomy* | 8–30 min |
Sevdalis, et al. 2013 [41] | Cognitive and motor task technical skills for surgical trainees and non-technical skills (stress coping) | Pre post tests OSATS GSOP Observation tools Simulator-derived parameters ISAT OTAS | Basic suturing Surgical cystoscopy Cricothyrotomy Laparoscopic cholecystectomy* Carotid endarterectomy* | 5–30 min |
Rhao et al. 2015 [37] | Cognitive and motor task technical skills for surgical trainees. | Time/trajectory measurements Visual Imagery Test (RMPFBT) OTAS MIQ Imperial Stress test OSCE | Cutting circle in box trainer Incision and suture of live anaesthetised rabbit Pelvic box simulator Simulated LC. VR LC Simulated Lap’ knot-tying. Cricothyroidotomy on mannequin | 3–90 min |
Anton et al. (2017) [36] | Cognitive skills training to enhance surgical technical and non-technical performance in the OR or simulator | Surgeon procedure specific GRS rated Time precision accuracy FLS HRV MHPTS OSATS OTAS STAI MIT Qualitative analyses | FLS box trainer VRS surgical tasks | No analysis of time in review |
Davison et al. 2017 [39] | Cognitive skills training to enhance surgical technical and non-technical perform-ance in the operating room or simulator | Global rating scales Peg transfer times Assessor scores MIQ | Peg transfer on L simulator VRS surgical tasks Box trainer MI relaxation | 3–90 min |