Facilitating learning of community-based rehabilitation through problem-based learning in higher education

BMC Medical Education

Table 1 Thematic map on essential steps of PBL

Theme	Codes
Knowing the problem scenario	Presentation of a problem [29]
	Start with a cognitive question [30]
	Knowing the problem [28, 31]
	Define the problem [29]
	Identify the problem [32]
Identifying facts	Collection of information [28, 31]
	Monitor and analyze practice [33]
	Clarify unclear terms and concepts [29]
	Clarify concepts [32]
Identifying knowledge gaps	Establishment of learning objectives [28, 31]
	Generate hypothesis [34]
	Identify objectives [34]
	Engage in learning [34]
	Reexamine and reassess what we have already known [30]
	Formulate learning goals [29, 32]
	Problem analysis and statement formation [32]
Develop resources	Brainstorm [32]
	Prioritize and research through the objectives [34]
	Assimilate knowledge (new and old) [30]
	Read, study, analyze to gain knowledge [30]
	further observation and experiment [30]
	Problem analysis: produce as many ideas a possible [29]
	problem analysis: arrange the ideas systematically and analyze them [29] Summarizing [28, 31]
	Analyze the problem [32]
	independent self-directed study [32]
	discussion [32]
Gain insights to apply knowledge	Inform and apply acquired information to the problem [34]
	apply new learning or improvement [33]
	making inference [30]
	synthesize and apply the new information [29]
Reflecting on knowledge gain	Reflection [28, 31]
	Monitor effects of leaning [33]
	reflective thought [30]

ISSN: 1472-6920