Fig. 1
Total IF and number of papers of returning professionals’ students and resident professionals’ students during their PhD. a Total IF of returning professionals’ students and resident professionals’ students. b Number of papers of returning professionals’ students and resident professionals’ students. Group A/A1/A2: returning professionals’ students; Group B/B1/B2: resident professionals’ students. For 3 paired samples (Group A and Group B, Group A1 and Group B1 and Group A2 and Group B2) statistical differences were found for total IF of papers (**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05) using a t -test. But for number of papers statistical differences (**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05) were only found for 2 paired samples (Group A and Group B and Group A1 and Group B1) using a t -test