Table 5 IDSE vs. Non-IDSE interns

Relationship building

Capacity for improved interaction with and reliance on other disciplines.

• Benefits from working with/going through something together

• Development/creation of connections/relationships

• Opportunities to acknowledge humility and vulnerability of all caregivers

• Enhanced empathy and sympathy for colleagues in learning environment

• Lack of trust of other disciplines

• Limited introspection and reflection on possible sources of disagreement or error

• More value judgments placed on actions of others

Communication openness

Ability to hear and acknowledge other clinical perspectives and viewpoints

• Increased opportunities to clarify viewpoints

• Greater openness to disciplinary perspective

• More cordial, congenial dialogue

• Frustration with misunderstandings during requesting and receiving disciplinary perspective

Attitudinal shifts

Reduction in stereotyping and bias toward individuals in other services

• Increased respect for knowledge within discipline

• Development of mutual trust and appreciation of different approaches to care

• Perceived lack of mutual interest, respect and appreciation for and from other disciplines in care planning

• Perceived differences in quality of care provided

Enhanced learner experience

More robust, interactive experience with outcomes related to improved interdisciplinary collaboration

• Efficient experience for diverse learners at similar training levels

• Common learning objectives consistent with institutional goals

• Enhanced interaction allowing for shared perspectives and discussion

• Focus on technical skills and practice for a single discipline

• Reflections and debrief limited to single discipline perspective