Table 1 Weighting of annual mean I-ITE scores based on other International exam centers and Annual Mean Weighted Rwandan I-ITE scores

International Countries

Italy

Bahamas

Italy

Bahamas

Bahamas

Not applicable

Kuwait

Italy

Kuwait

Italy

Italy

Lebanon

Kuwait

Lebanon

Kuwait

Kuwait

Oman

Lebanon

Oman

Lebanon

Lebanon

Qatar

Oman

Qatar

Qatar

Qatar

Singapore

Qatar

Singapore

Singapore

Saudi Arabia

UAE

Singapore

UAE

UAE

UAE

All residents

US scores

66.0 (±10) (n = 9138)

62.0 (±10) (n = 9300)

66.0 (±10) (n = 9138)

60.2 (±8) (n = 10,965)

65.0 (±8) (n = 11,014)

p < 0.001^b

Non-Rwandan International scores

60.8 (±11) (n = 1024)

59.8 (±10) (n = 1128)

64.8 (±11) (n = 823)

56.9 (±10) (n = 502)

62.1 (±11) (n = 704)

p < 0.001^b

Annual weighting factor

0.998

0.983

1.064

0.935

1.020

–

Rwandan non-weighted (raw) scorses

34.3 (±7.5) (n = 27)

38.8 (±8.6) (n = 41)

47.1 (±9.0) (n = 50)

43.5 (±7.0) (n = 49)

49.5 (±6.2) (n = 46)

p < 0.001^a

Rwandan weighted scores

34.3 (±7.5) (n = 27)

39.5 (±8.7) (n = 41)

44.3 (±8.4) (n = 50)

46.5 (±7.4) (n = 49)

48.6 (±6.1) (n = 46)

p < 0.001^a

Rwandan mean z-score

−2.57 (CI: − 2.85 to − 2.28) (n = 27)

−2.18 (CI: − 2.46 to − 1.89) (n = 41)

−1.78 (CI: − 2.04 to − 1.52) (n = 50)

−1.38 (CI: − 1.59 to − 1.17) (n = 49)

−1.30 (CI: − 1.50 to − 1.11) (n = 46)

p < 0.001^a

PG1 residents

US PG1 scores

59 (±8) (n = 2993)

54 (±8) (n = 3062)

59 (±8) (n = 2993)

55 (±7) (n = 3545)

61 (±8) (n = 3595)

p < 0.001^b

Non-Rwandan International PG1 scores

57 (±10) (n = 286)

55 (±10) (n = 299)

59 (±10) (n = 214)

52 (±10) (n = 127)

55 (±10) (n = 167)

p < 0.001^b

Rwandan weighted PG1 scores

34.8 (±8.4) (n = 16)

35.1 (±7.2) (n = 14)

40.6 (±4.9) (n = 15)

43.7 (±7.9) (n = 12)

44.3 (±6.7) (n = 7)

p = 0.002^a

Rwandan PG1 mean z-scores

−2.15 (CI: −2.59 to −1.73) (n = 16)

− 2.00 (CI: − 2.39 to − 1.60) (n = 14)

−1.60 (CI: − 1.90 to − 1.30) (n = 15)

−1.16 (CI: − 1.64 to −0.67) (n = 12)

−0.98 (CI: − 1.60 to − 0.36) (n = 7)

p < 0.001^a