Nurses’ knowledge, perceived barriers, and practices regarding cancer pain management: a cross-sectional study from Palestine

Table 1 Relationship between knowledge score and characteristics of participants

Characteristics	Number of nurses (%)	Knowledge score^a Median [interquartile]	P value^b
Age (year)
Less than 40	183 (83.2)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	0.926^c
40 or more	37 (16.8)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	0.926^c
Gender
Male	105 (47.7)	6.0 [4.0–7.0]
Female	115 (52.3)	5.0 [3.0–6.0]	0.001 ^c
Country of education
Palestine	208 (94.5)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	0.058^c
Abroad	12 (5.5)	6.0 [5.3–7.0]	0.058^c
Type of work
Governmental	153 (69.5)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	0.633^d
Private sector	59 (26.8)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]
Both	8 (3.6)	6.0 [4.0–6.8]
General Experience
Less than 10 years	152 (69.1)	5.0 [4.0–7.0]	0.345 ^d
10 years or more	68 (30.9)	5.0 [3.0–7.0]	0.345 ^d

^aKnowledge Score was a range of 0–14, high score reflects more knowledge about cancer pain management)
^bThe p-value is bold where it is less than the significance level cut-off of 0.05
^cStatistical significance of differences calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test
^dStatistical significance of differences calculated using the Kruskal–Wallis test