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Table 1 Gibbs’ reflection model and examples of students’ reflection quotes

From: Reflective and feedback performances on Thai medical students’ patient history-taking skills

Stage

Elaboration

Verbatim quotes

Description

Participant described what transpired within the room without any meaningful interpretation.

He [the interviewer] dressed well and used simple language with the patient.” Student 2/session 1

Feeling

Participant described what he/she felt or his/her thought processes.

Nerve-wracking. Interviewer 1/session 1

Evaluation

Participant reflected on the good parts or parts that could be improved without any tangible details.

“I did well on the past history part. But the present illness was not clear.” Interviewer 2/session 2

Analysis

Participant reflected on the good parts or parts that could be improved with details.

“The review of system part was non-sequential, not head-to-toe.” Student 3/session 3

Conclusion

Participant reflected on the good parts or parts that could be improved and suggested areas for the next session without concrete examples.

“I will probe more about the fever pattern next time.” Interviewer 2/session 4

Action plan

Full description of the good parts and parts that could be improved with concrete suggestions for the next session.

Next time, I will ask more details about the volume status caused by diarrhoea by asking about how much volume has been lost. I may compare the volume with a glass of water to make it more objective.” Interviewer 1/ session 10